Exogenous reduced glutathione alleviates the Cr(VI) toxicity integrated with the enhanced lipid productivity and heavy metal removal efficiency in phycoremediation process

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.psep.2025.107940

Xiwen Xue, Jianke Huang, Ruizeng Zhang, Bocheng Su, Hanlong Wang, Xiaoyu Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Most heavy metals are toxic to microalgae with reducing algal cell growth and heavy metals removal when application of microalgae-based remediation approach. The effects of exogenous reduced glutathione (GSH) on the cell growth, heavy metal removal, and lipid production of Chlorella pyrenoidosa under Cr (Ⅵ) stress in photoautotrophic and mixotrophic culture were investigated. The results indicated that Cr (Ⅵ) significantly depressed cell division and photosynthesis pigment synthesis, along with the single cell size enlarged by ∼2-fold. Interestingly, the supplementation of low-concentration (100 μM) exogenous reduced glutathione (GSH) significantly alleviated the Cr (Ⅵ) toxicity and promoted cell reproduction. The algal density increased from 0.58 × 10⁷ to 5.30 × 10⁷ cells mL⁻¹ after adding low-concentration GSH and further increased up to 8.67 × 10⁷ cells mL⁻¹ under mixotrophic conditions. With the addition of GSH, the average single weight of microalgae exposed to Cr (VI) decreased from 81.17 pg cell⁻¹ to 10.73—18.25 pg cell⁻¹ which were comparable to 13.50 pg cell⁻¹ obtained at normal culture conditions. The SOD and CAT activities in the photoautotrophic and mixotrophic microalgal cells under Cr (Ⅵ) stress were both decreased to the normal levels by the addition of exogenous GSH. The enhanced algal biomass after the addition of a low-concentration GSH contributed to the Cr (Ⅵ) removal efficiency increase from ∼27 % to ∼40 %. Additionally, the algal lipid productivity was significantly increased from 151.95 mg L⁻¹ to 242.34 mg L⁻¹ by the addition low-concentration of GSH. The present study revealed an important role of external GSH in restoring normal physiological and morphological states of C. pyrenoidosa under the Cr(VI) stress. The proposed exogenous GSH-assisted phycoremediation provides a novel strategy for Cr (Ⅵ) wastewater treatment coupled with enhanced microalgal lipid production.

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外源还原性谷胱甘肽减轻了藻修复过程中Cr（VI）的毒性，同时提高了藻修复过程中的脂质生产力和重金属去除效率

大多数重金属对微藻是有毒的，应用微藻为基础的修复方法可以减少藻细胞的生长，去除重金属。研究了Cr（Ⅵ）胁迫下外源还原谷胱甘肽（GSH）对光自养和混合养小球藻（Chlorella pyrenoidosa）细胞生长、重金属去除和脂质产生的影响。结果表明，Cr（Ⅵ）显著抑制细胞分裂和光合作用色素合成，使单细胞大小增大约2倍。有趣的是，补充低浓度（100 μM）外源还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）可显著减轻Cr（Ⅵ）毒性并促进细胞繁殖。添加低浓度GSH后，藻密度从0.58 × 107增加到5.30 × 107 cells mL - 1，混合营养条件下藻密度进一步增加到8.67 × 107 cells mL - 1。随着GSH的添加，暴露于Cr （VI）的微藻的平均单重从81.17 pg cell - 1下降到10.73-18.25 pg cell - 1，与正常培养条件下的13.50 pg cell - 1相当。Cr（Ⅵ）胁迫下光自养和混合养微藻细胞的SOD和CAT活性均因外源GSH的加入而降至正常水平。添加低浓度GSH后，藻类生物量增加，Cr（Ⅵ）去除率从~ 27 %提高到~ 40 %。此外，低浓度GSH的添加使藻脂产量从151.95 mg L−1显著提高到242.34 mg L−1。本研究揭示了外源谷胱甘肽在Cr（VI）胁迫下，对C. pyrenoidosa恢复正常生理和形态状态的重要作用。提出的外源性gsh辅助藻修复为Cr（Ⅵ）废水处理提供了一种新的策略，同时增加了微藻脂质的产生。

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来源期刊

Process Safety and Environmental Protection 环境科学-工程：化工

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

929

审稿时长

8.0 months

期刊介绍： The Process Safety and Environmental Protection (PSEP) journal is a leading international publication that focuses on the publication of high-quality, original research papers in the field of engineering, specifically those related to the safety of industrial processes and environmental protection. The journal encourages submissions that present new developments in safety and environmental aspects, particularly those that show how research findings can be applied in process engineering design and practice. PSEP is particularly interested in research that brings fresh perspectives to established engineering principles, identifies unsolved problems, or suggests directions for future research. The journal also values contributions that push the boundaries of traditional engineering and welcomes multidisciplinary papers. PSEP's articles are abstracted and indexed by a range of databases and services, which helps to ensure that the journal's research is accessible and recognized in the academic and professional communities. These databases include ANTE, Chemical Abstracts, Chemical Hazards in Industry, Current Contents, Elsevier Engineering Information database, Pascal Francis, Web of Science, Scopus, Engineering Information Database EnCompass LIT (Elsevier), and INSPEC. This wide coverage facilitates the dissemination of the journal's content to a global audience interested in process safety and environmental engineering.