[Iodine status of the population in the WHO European Region (an abridged translation of selected sections of the WHO European report)].

G A Gerasimov
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Abstract

This review is an abridged translation of selected chapters of the report "Prevention and control of iodine deficiency in the WHO European Region: adapting to changes in diet and lifestyle", published by the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the Iodine Global Network (IGN) in 2024. Iodine deficiency, especially mild iodine deficiency, remains a widespread problem in the WHO European Region. Since the last WHO report on iodine deficiency in the Region 15 years ago, much new data on iodine status has become available, especially for vulnerable populations. This review presents data on the iodine status of the population in 53 WHO European Member States (and Kosovo), the adverse effects of mild iodine deficiency and the effectiveness of salt iodization in preventing iodine deficiency. Mainly due to progress in salt iodization, the number of countries with iodine deficiency has decreased from 23 in 2003 to 2 in 2023. Mandatory salt iodization ensures adequate iodine intake in all population groups, with the exception of a few countries where these programs are poorly implemented. The positive cost-benefit ratio for preventing mild iodine deficiency in the European Region is plausible given the high prevalence of thyroid disease and the low cost of salt fortification programs.

[世卫组织欧洲区域人口碘状况(世卫组织欧洲报告部分节选译文)]。
本综述是世卫组织欧洲区域办事处和碘全球网络(IGN)于2024年出版的《世卫组织欧洲区域预防和控制碘缺乏症:适应饮食和生活方式的变化》报告部分章节的节略翻译。缺碘,特别是轻度缺碘,仍然是世卫组织欧洲区域普遍存在的问题。自15年前世卫组织上一份关于该区域碘缺乏症的报告以来,已经获得了许多关于碘状况的新数据,特别是关于脆弱人群的数据。本综述介绍了53个世卫组织欧洲成员国(和科索沃)人口碘状况的数据、轻度碘缺乏的不利影响以及盐加碘预防碘缺乏的有效性。主要由于食盐加碘方面的进展,缺碘国家的数量已从2003年的23个减少到2023年的2个。强制性食盐加碘可确保所有人群摄入足够的碘,只有少数国家的项目执行不力。鉴于甲状腺疾病的高患病率和盐强化计划的低成本,预防欧洲地区轻度碘缺乏症的正成本效益比似乎是合理的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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