Exosome-based therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury: A review.

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.mcn.2025.104048

Shuai Bai, Rong Rong Qiang, Rui Yang Liu, De Jie Kang, Yan Ling Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition associated with high rates of disability and mortality, placing substantial burdens on patients, families, and healthcare systems. Current treatment strategies, including surgical decompression, pharmacological intervention, and rehabilitation, offer only limited functional recovery. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a double-membrane structure, range in diameter from 30 to 150 nm (nm) and play a key role in intercellular communication by transporting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Recent studies have highlighted their potential as natural nanocarriers for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Due to their low immunogenicity and multifunctional reparative properties, exosomes have shown considerable efficacy in promoting neurological recovery following SCI. They exert therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including modulation of the inflammatory response, promoting axonal regeneration and angiogenesis, and inhibiting apoptosis. This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying SCI and elucidates the therapeutic roles of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs (exo-miR) in SCI repair. Furthermore, it discusses current challenges and prospects for the clinical translation of exosome-based therapies, aiming to provide valuable insights for future research and clinical applications.

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基于外泌体的脊髓损伤治疗方法综述。

脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种具有高致残率和高死亡率的破坏性神经系统疾病，给患者、家庭和医疗保健系统带来了沉重的负担。目前的治疗策略，包括手术减压、药物干预和康复，只能提供有限的功能恢复。外泌体是具有双膜结构的细胞外囊泡，直径从30到150 nm （nm）不等，通过运输蛋白质、脂质和核酸在细胞间通讯中起关键作用。最近的研究强调了它们作为治疗神经退行性疾病的天然纳米载体的潜力。由于其低免疫原性和多功能修复特性，外泌体在促进脊髓损伤后神经恢复方面显示出相当大的功效。它们通过多种机制发挥治疗作用，包括调节炎症反应、促进轴突再生和血管生成、抑制细胞凋亡。本文综述了脊髓损伤的病理生理机制，并阐明了外泌体和外泌体microRNAs （exo-miR）在脊髓损伤修复中的治疗作用。此外，本文还讨论了目前基于外泌体疗法的临床翻译面临的挑战和前景，旨在为未来的研究和临床应用提供有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience publishes original research of high significance covering all aspects of neurosciences indicated by the broadest interpretation of the journal''s title. In particular, the journal focuses on synaptic maintenance, de- and re-organization, neuron-glia communication, and de-/regenerative neurobiology. In addition, studies using animal models of disease with translational prospects and experimental approaches with backward validation of disease signatures from human patients are welcome.