{"title":"Mpox Epidemics: A Call to Restore Humanity's Lost Herd Immunity to Orthopoxviruses.","authors":"Misaki Wayengera, Henry Kyobe-Bosa, Winters Muttamba, Olushayo Oluseun Olu, Abdou Salam Gueye, Nicaise Ndembi, Neema Kamara, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Bruce Kirenga, Sitong Luo, Qingyu Li, Chikwe Ihekweazu","doi":"10.3390/v17091257","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global efforts to eradicate smallpox-an Orthopoxvirus infection-began in the mid-20th century, with the last naturally occurring case reported in 1977. This was achieved through global solidarity efforts that expanded the smallpox eradication vaccination program. Approximately 50 years following the cessation of mass smallpox vaccination and in the absence of access to a sustainable boosting program, the population immunologically naïve to Orthopoxviruses has increased significantly. With increasing global movements and travels, we argue that the emergence of two back-to-back yet distinct mpox epidemics in the 21st century is a sign of humanity's lost herd immunity to Orthopoxviruses. This needs concerted efforts to restore.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474342/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Viruses-Basel","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091257","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VIROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Global efforts to eradicate smallpox-an Orthopoxvirus infection-began in the mid-20th century, with the last naturally occurring case reported in 1977. This was achieved through global solidarity efforts that expanded the smallpox eradication vaccination program. Approximately 50 years following the cessation of mass smallpox vaccination and in the absence of access to a sustainable boosting program, the population immunologically naïve to Orthopoxviruses has increased significantly. With increasing global movements and travels, we argue that the emergence of two back-to-back yet distinct mpox epidemics in the 21st century is a sign of humanity's lost herd immunity to Orthopoxviruses. This needs concerted efforts to restore.
期刊介绍：
Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. We also encourage the publication of timely reviews and commentaries on topics of interest to the virology community and feature highlights from the virology literature in the ''News and Views'' section. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.
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