The ORF1ab of Feline Coronavirus Plays a Critical Role in Regulating the Innate Immune Response.

IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY
Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.3390/v17091282
Haorong Gu, Chuqiao Xia, Hongtao Kang, Honglin Jia
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) are divided into two groups: feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). FIPV is responsible for the severe disease known as feline infectious peritonitis, while FECV typically causes mild symptoms, such as diarrhea, and often does not lead to any disease at all. Currently, it is not possible to distinguish between FIPV and FECV at the molecular level. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the molecular features of FIPV. Here, we generated a recombinant virus by replacing the ORF1ab region and the coding sequence for the spike (S) protein of an FECV with the corresponding sequences from FIPVs. The recombinant virus (recFECV-SDF-2-1abFIPV) exhibited similar growth kinetics to its parental strain. Our analysis revealed that the replacement of the ORF1ab in the FECV caused significant alterations in protein expression within the host cells. Furthermore, the presence of the ORF1ab from the FIPV strain resulted in enhanced suppression of the innate immune response compared to the parental strain, as determined through proteomic and transcriptomic studies. Additionally, we demonstrated that the papain-like protease 2 (PL2pro) of the non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) from both FIPV and FECV functions in immune suppression, and the protease activity is required for this function.

猫冠状病毒ORF1ab在调节先天免疫反应中起关键作用。
猫冠状病毒(FCoVs)分为两类:猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(FIPV)和猫肠道冠状病毒(FECV)。FIPV会导致被称为猫传染性腹膜炎的严重疾病,而FECV通常会引起轻微的症状,如腹泻,而且往往根本不会导致任何疾病。目前,还不可能在分子水平上区分FIPV和FECV。因此,迫切需要了解FIPV的分子特征。在这里,我们用fipv的相应序列替换FECV的ORF1ab区和刺突(S)蛋白的编码序列,生成了重组病毒。重组病毒(recFECV-SDF-2-1abFIPV)表现出与其亲本株相似的生长动力学。我们的分析显示,在FECV中替换ORF1ab会导致宿主细胞内蛋白表达的显著改变。此外,通过蛋白质组学和转录组学研究发现,与亲本菌株相比,来自FIPV菌株的ORF1ab的存在导致先天免疫反应的抑制增强。此外,我们证明了FIPV和FECV的非结构蛋白3 (NSP3)的木瓜蛋白酶2 (PL2pro)在免疫抑制中起作用,并且蛋白酶活性是实现该功能所必需的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Viruses-Basel
Viruses-Basel VIROLOGY-
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
12.80%
发文量
2445
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. We also encourage the publication of timely reviews and commentaries on topics of interest to the virology community and feature highlights from the virology literature in the ''News and Views'' section. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.
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