Temporal Dynamics and Surveillance of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza in Wild Birds in Northern Serbia (2016-2025).

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Biljana Djurdjević, Milena Samojlović, Diana Lupulović, Tamaš Petrović, Vladimir Polaček, Slobodan Knežević, Marko Pajić
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Wild birds, particularly migratory waterfowl (family Anatidae), are the primary reservoir of avian influenza viruses, playing a key role in their transboundary spread. In the winter of 2016/2017, the H5N8 strain was first recorded in Serbia, with 20 outbreaks confirmed in wild birds by 2021, mostly involving mute swans in the Vojvodina region. From 2021 onward, the dominant strain was H5N1, with 38 confirmed outbreaks up to 2023, primarily affecting mute swans, black-headed gulls, and common cranes. Sporadic H5N2 outbreaks were also detected, with two cases in 2021 and 2023. Due to its rich ornithofauna, natural reserves, and habitats suitable for migratory birds, the Vojvodina region has been officially designated as a high-risk zone by the Veterinary Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia. While sporadic cases occurred in backyard poultry, commercial farms remained unaffected. Infections peaked in autumn and early spring. Control measures included enhanced biosecurity, movement restrictions, and removal of dead birds to protect domestic poultry. Despite the circulation of avian influenza virus in wild birds, Serbia's commercial poultry industry avoided outbreaks and major economic losses. Including outbreak data provided insight into the scale and persistence of avian influenza threats in this region.

塞尔维亚北部野生鸟类高致病性H5禽流感的时间动态和监测(2016-2025)
野鸟,特别是迁徙水禽(鸭科),是禽流感病毒的主要宿主,在其跨界传播中起着关键作用。2016/2017年冬季,在塞尔维亚首次记录到H5N8毒株,到2021年,在野生鸟类中确认了20起疫情,主要涉及伏伊伏丁那地区的哑天鹅。从2021年起,优势毒株为H5N1,到2023年共暴发38次,主要影响疣鼻天鹅、黑头鸥和鹤。还发现了散发的H5N2疫情,在2021年和2023年发生了两起病例。由于其丰富的鸟类、自然保护区和适合候鸟的栖息地,伏伊伏丁那地区已被塞尔维亚共和国农业、林业和水管理部兽医局正式指定为高风险地区。虽然散发性病例发生在后院家禽中,但商业农场未受影响。感染高峰出现在秋季和早春。控制措施包括加强生物安全、限制迁徙和清除死鸟以保护家禽。尽管禽流感病毒在野生鸟类中传播,塞尔维亚的商业家禽业避免了疫情爆发和重大经济损失。包括疫情数据有助于深入了解本区域禽流感威胁的规模和持续时间。
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来源期刊
Veterinary Sciences
Veterinary Sciences VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
612
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary Sciences is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes original that are relevant to any field of veterinary sciences, including prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in animals. This journal covers almost all topics related to animal health and veterinary medicine. Research fields of interest include but are not limited to: anaesthesiology anatomy bacteriology biochemistry cardiology dentistry dermatology embryology endocrinology epidemiology genetics histology immunology microbiology molecular biology mycology neurobiology oncology ophthalmology parasitology pathology pharmacology physiology radiology surgery theriogenology toxicology virology.
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