Immunomodulation of Patients with Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis at Different Stages: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study Using LaSap.

IF 5.2 3区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccines Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.3390/vaccines13090933

Kelvinson Fernandes Viana, Adrieli Barboza de Souza, Sara Torres, Maria Camila Escobar Garcia, Açucena Veleh Rivas, Alex Sander Rodrigues Cangussu, Francisca Hildemagna Guedes da Silva, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is one of the main neglected protozoan diseases in the world. Dogs play a fundamental role in the maintenance of Leishmania infantum in the Americas, and we have already encountered resistance problems with drugs currently used in these animals. Methods: In view of this, two new immunotherapeutic protocols were tested in 48 dogs, using L. amazonensis antigens plus saponin (LaSap) and only L. amazonensis antigens (La) as a control group. Dogs naturally infected with L. infantum were divided into four groups, according to clinical staging. A total of 24 dogs (stages 1 and 2) received a four-dose protocol, and another 24 dogs (stages 3 to 5) received six doses. All animals received a booster dose every three months until they were one year old. Results: Our results showed that dogs in the early stages of the disease respond better and are able to remain stable for longer, maintaining baseline laboratory biomarkers, in addition to having a lower parasite load. Conclusions: On the other hand, dogs in more advanced stages have a poor response, with stage 3 being a key point in clinical progression or regression.

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犬内脏利什曼病不同阶段患者的免疫调节：LaSap 12个月随访研究。

背景/目的：犬内脏利什曼病（Canine内脏利什曼病，CVL）是目前世界上被忽视的主要原虫病之一。在美洲，狗在幼利什曼原虫的维持中发挥着重要作用，我们已经遇到了目前用于这些动物的药物的耐药性问题。方法：采用amazon L. amazonensis抗原加皂苷（LaSap）和仅用amazon L. amazonensis抗原（La）作为对照组，对48只犬进行了两种新的免疫治疗方案的试验。根据临床分期，将自然感染婴儿乳杆菌的狗分为四组。共有24只狗（阶段1和2）接受了四剂方案，另外24只狗（阶段3至5）接受了六剂方案。所有动物每三个月接受一次加强剂量，直到它们一岁。结果：我们的研究结果表明，在疾病的早期阶段，狗的反应更好，并且能够保持更长时间的稳定，除了具有较低的寄生虫负荷外，还能保持基线实验室生物标志物。结论：另一方面，较晚期犬的反应较差，3期是临床进展或退行的关键点。

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来源期刊

Vaccines Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

16.70%

发文量

1853

审稿时长

18.06 days

期刊介绍： Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focused on laboratory and clinical vaccine research, utilization and immunization. Vaccines publishes high quality reviews, regular research papers, communications and case reports.