Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Marine Environments Affect Fish Reproduction-A Critical Review.

IF 4.1 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.3390/toxics13090747
Roberta Pozzan, Aliciane de Almeida Roque, Hissashi Iwamoto, Fernando de Campos Guerreiro, Ana Paula da Silva, Dámaso Angel Rubio-Vargas, Micheli de Marchi, Felipe de Oliveira, Walter José Martínez-Burgos, Maritana Mela Prodocimo, Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
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Abstract

The biodiversity of marine and coastal ecosystems is constantly threatened by pollutants from a diversity of human activities. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of pollutants widely released and deposited in these environments, leading to several impacts on the community of organisms that integrate these ecosystems. As lipophilic compounds, PAHs become bioavailable to organisms and can enter the trophic chain, leading to physiological changes and affecting different levels of biological organization. Several studies demonstrate that PAHs act as endocrine disruptors in marine fish, interfering with endocrine signaling through hormonal disturbances and, consequently, causing inhibition or overexpression of genes, enzymes, and proteins that are essential for reproduction success. These changes, in turn, can lead to population decline and cause immeasurable ecosystem damage. This review synthesizes studies published mainly between 2015 and 2025, aiming to critically present research that identifies different endocrine-reproductive changes in marine fish species exposed to PAHs in contaminated sites, highlighting the involved cellular mechanisms. Finally, we provide a survey of patents developed to identify PAHs in aquatic environments and how these techniques can be used in marine biomonitoring to evaluate water quality and the risk of exposure to biota and human populations.

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海洋环境中多环芳烃对鱼类繁殖的影响
海洋和沿海生态系统的生物多样性不断受到来自各种人类活动的污染物的威胁。多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类广泛释放和沉积在这些环境中的污染物,对整合这些生态系统的生物群落产生了若干影响。多环芳烃作为亲脂性化合物,对生物体具有生物可利用性,可进入营养链,引起生理变化,影响不同层次的生物组织。几项研究表明,多环芳烃在海洋鱼类中起到内分泌干扰物的作用,通过激素干扰干扰内分泌信号,从而导致对繁殖成功至关重要的基因、酶和蛋白质的抑制或过度表达。这些变化反过来又会导致种群数量下降,并对生态系统造成不可估量的破坏。本综述综合了主要在2015年至2025年间发表的研究,旨在批判性地介绍在污染地点暴露于多环芳烃的海洋鱼类中不同内分泌生殖变化的研究,重点介绍了所涉及的细胞机制。最后,我们提供了一项专利的调查,以确定在水生环境中的多环芳烃,以及如何将这些技术用于海洋生物监测,以评估水质和暴露于生物群和人类的风险。
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来源期刊
Toxics
Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
10.90%
发文量
681
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to all aspects of toxic chemicals and materials. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in detail. There is, therefore, no restriction on the maximum length of the papers, although authors should write their papers in a clear and concise way. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of calculations and experimental procedure can be deposited as supplementary material, if it is not possible to publish them along with the text.
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