Advances in Gold Nanoparticles for the Diagnosis and Management of Alzheimer's Disease.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics17091158

Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Periyanaina Kesika, Natarajan Sisubalan, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge in modern healthcare, prompting exploration into novel therapeutic strategies. This review clearly classifies different types of gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) (AuNPs), links them to the gut-brain axis, highlights recent advances, and points out future research needs, offering a more updated perspective than earlier reviews. Diverse approaches have emerged from single to hybrid and functionalized AuNPs, including innovative nanotherapeutic agents like Au nanorods-polyethylene glycol-angiopep-2 peptide/D1 peptide and noninvasive dynamic magnetic field-stimulated NPs. AuNPs have been reported for the neuroprotective properties. Clinical applications of AuNPs highlight their promise in diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. However, challenges persist, notably in overcoming blood-brain barrier limitations and refining drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the incomplete understanding of AD's physiological and pathological mechanisms hinders therapeutic development. Future research directions should prioritize elucidating these mechanisms and optimizing AuNPs physicochemical properties for therapeutic efficacy. Despite limitations, nanomaterial-based therapies hold promise for revolutionizing AD treatment and addressing other central nervous system disorders. It also emphasizes the importance of further investigation into the potential of AuNPs, envisioning a future where they serve as a cornerstone in advancing neurological healthcare.

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金纳米颗粒在阿尔茨海默病诊断和治疗中的研究进展。

阿尔茨海默病（AD）在现代医疗保健中提出了重大挑战，促使探索新的治疗策略。本文对不同类型的金（Au）纳米颗粒（NPs）（AuNPs）进行了清晰的分类，将其与肠-脑轴联系起来，强调了最近的进展，并指出了未来的研究需求，提供了比以前的综述更更新的视角。从单一到混合和功能化的AuNPs，各种各样的方法已经出现，包括创新的纳米治疗剂，如Au纳米棒-聚乙二醇-血管内皮素-2肽/D1肽和无创动态磁场刺激的NPs。据报道，aunp具有神经保护作用。aunp的临床应用突出了其在诊断和治疗监测方面的前景。然而，挑战依然存在，特别是在克服血脑屏障限制和改进药物输送系统方面。此外，对阿尔茨海默病的生理和病理机制的不完全了解阻碍了治疗的发展。未来的研究方向应优先阐明这些机制，优化AuNPs的理化性质以提高治疗效果。尽管有局限性，纳米材料为基础的治疗有望彻底改变阿尔茨海默病的治疗和解决其他中枢神经系统疾病。它还强调了进一步研究aunp潜力的重要性，展望了它们作为推进神经保健基石的未来。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pharmaceutics Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

11.10%

发文量

2379

审稿时长

16.41 days

期刊介绍： Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, and short notes. Covered topics include pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, and pharmaceutical formulation. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical details in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.