Nature's Synergy: Cellular and Molecular Evaluation of Snail Slime and Its Principal Component, Glycolic Acid, on Keratinocytes, with Preliminary Evidence from Endothelial Cells.

IF 4.8 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Biomolecules Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.3390/biom15091302
Muhammad Rashad, Alessia Ricci, Serena Pilato, Amelia Cataldi, Marwa Balaha, Susi Zara
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Abstract

Snail slime (SS) is a natural secretion rich in bioactive components such as glycoproteins, hyaluronic acid, glycolic acid (GA), and antimicrobial peptides. GA, a key component of SS, is known for its exfoliative properties. This study investigates SS's effects on keratinocytes (HaCaT) and endothelial cells (ECs), comparing its properties to those of GA. HaCaT cell viability and cytotoxicity, ROS release, and inflammation-related signaling (PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and COX-2 gene expression) were assessed. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling was evaluated by gene expression of MMPs. In ECs, a preliminary evaluation of SS's effect was conducted in terms of cell viability and migration. Results demonstrated that SS is well tolerated by keratinocytes whereas GA exhibits cytotoxicity, suggesting that SS's natural composition mitigates GA's adverse effects. SS induced a controlled, brief inflammatory response, via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, unlike GA, responsible for stronger and sustained pro-inflammatory events. Additionally, SS, through the upregulation of MMPs, contributes to ECM remodeling. In ECs, SS preserves viability and also enhances migration, thus supporting wound healing. These findings highlight SS's ability to balance pro-inflammatory events, making it a promising candidate for advanced dermatological applications, underscoring SS's potential in modulating key cellular signaling pathways, and supporting its future therapeutic prospects in wound healing.

自然的协同作用:蜗牛黏液及其主要成分乙醇酸对角质形成细胞的细胞和分子评价,内皮细胞的初步证据。
蜗牛粘液(SS)是一种富含生物活性成分的天然分泌物,如糖蛋白、透明质酸、乙醇酸(GA)和抗菌肽。GA是SS的关键成分,具有剥离性。本研究探讨了SS对角质形成细胞(HaCaT)和内皮细胞(ECs)的影响,并比较了其与GA的特性。评估HaCaT细胞活力和细胞毒性、ROS释放和炎症相关信号(PI3K/Akt/NF-κB和COX-2基因表达)。细胞外基质(ECM)重塑通过MMPs的基因表达进行评估。在内皮细胞中,从细胞活力和迁移方面对SS的作用进行了初步评价。结果表明,SS对角质形成细胞具有良好的耐受性,而GA则表现出细胞毒性,这表明SS的天然成分减轻了GA的不良反应。与GA不同,SS通过PI3K/Akt/NF-κB通路诱导了受控的、短暂的炎症反应,而GA则负责更强、持续的促炎事件。此外,SS通过上调MMPs参与ECM重塑。在ECs中,SS保留了细胞活力,也促进了迁移,从而支持伤口愈合。这些发现强调了SS平衡促炎事件的能力,使其成为高级皮肤病学应用的有希望的候选者,强调了SS在调节关键细胞信号通路方面的潜力,并支持其在伤口愈合方面的未来治疗前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomolecules
Biomolecules Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
3.60%
发文量
1640
审稿时长
18.28 days
期刊介绍: Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focusing on biogenic substances and their biological functions, structures, interactions with other molecules, and their microenvironment as well as biological systems. Biomolecules publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications.  Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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