{"title":"Characterization of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Bacteria, Vero and MG63 Cells, and Zebrafish Development.","authors":"Jugal Kishore, Tharaka Srinatha Dunuwilla, Venkatagiri Krishnamoorthy Bupesh Raja, Stanley Abraham Louis, Lokesh Kumar Boopathy, Durai Saravanan, Mzia Zhvania, Manoj Gupta","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12090995","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports, for the first time, lanthanum oxide (La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) that simultaneously suppress osteosarcoma MG63 cell proliferation and promote normal Vero cell viability, a dual effect not previously documented for La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> or similar metal oxide NPs. Physico-chemical characterization revealed a unique needle-like morphology, cubic crystallinity, and dispersion stability in DMSO without acidic dispersants, properties that can influence cellular uptake, ROS modulation, and biocompatibility. Comprehensive characterization (fluorescence spectroscopy, particle size/zeta potential, Raman, XRD, TGA, ATR-FTIR, and TEM) confirmed structural stability and surface chemistry relevant to biological interactions.La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (Gram-positive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>; Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and strong enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, supporting potential use in implant coatings and infection control. MTT assays demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity in MG63 cells, with enhanced proliferation in Vero cells. In zebrafish embryos, developmental toxicity assays yielded an LC<sub>50</sub> of 2.6 mg/mL higher (less toxic) than values reported for Ag NPs (~0.3-1 mg/mL) with normal development at lower concentrations and dose-dependent malformations (e.g., impaired somite formation and skeletal deformities) at higher doses. Collectively, these findings position La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs as a multifunctional platform for oncology and regenerative medicine, uniquely combining selective anticancer activity, normal cell support, antimicrobial and antioxidant functions, and a defined developmental safety margin.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467880/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bioengineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12090995","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study reports, for the first time, lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) that simultaneously suppress osteosarcoma MG63 cell proliferation and promote normal Vero cell viability, a dual effect not previously documented for La2O3 or similar metal oxide NPs. Physico-chemical characterization revealed a unique needle-like morphology, cubic crystallinity, and dispersion stability in DMSO without acidic dispersants, properties that can influence cellular uptake, ROS modulation, and biocompatibility. Comprehensive characterization (fluorescence spectroscopy, particle size/zeta potential, Raman, XRD, TGA, ATR-FTIR, and TEM) confirmed structural stability and surface chemistry relevant to biological interactions.La2O3 NPs exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (Gram-positive Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus cereus; Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and strong enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, supporting potential use in implant coatings and infection control. MTT assays demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity in MG63 cells, with enhanced proliferation in Vero cells. In zebrafish embryos, developmental toxicity assays yielded an LC50 of 2.6 mg/mL higher (less toxic) than values reported for Ag NPs (~0.3-1 mg/mL) with normal development at lower concentrations and dose-dependent malformations (e.g., impaired somite formation and skeletal deformities) at higher doses. Collectively, these findings position La2O3 NPs as a multifunctional platform for oncology and regenerative medicine, uniquely combining selective anticancer activity, normal cell support, antimicrobial and antioxidant functions, and a defined developmental safety margin.
期刊介绍：
Aims
Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354) provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of bioengineering. It publishes original research papers, comprehensive reviews, communications and case reports. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. All aspects of bioengineering are welcomed from theoretical concepts to education and applications. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, four key features of this Journal:
● We are introducing a new concept in scientific and technical publications “The Translational Case Report in Bioengineering”. It is a descriptive explanatory analysis of a transformative or translational event. Understanding that the goal of bioengineering scholarship is to advance towards a transformative or clinical solution to an identified transformative/clinical need, the translational case report is used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles that may guide other similar transformative/translational undertakings.
● Manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed.
● Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.
● We also accept manuscripts communicating to a broader audience with regard to research projects financed with public funds.
Scope
● Bionics and biological cybernetics: implantology; bio–abio interfaces
● Bioelectronics: wearable electronics; implantable electronics; “more than Moore” electronics; bioelectronics devices
● Bioprocess and biosystems engineering and applications: bioprocess design; biocatalysis; bioseparation and bioreactors; bioinformatics; bioenergy; etc.
● Biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering and applications: tissue engineering; chromosome engineering; embryo engineering; cellular, molecular and synthetic biology; metabolic engineering; bio-nanotechnology; micro/nano technologies; genetic engineering; transgenic technology
● Biomedical engineering and applications: biomechatronics; biomedical electronics; biomechanics; biomaterials; biomimetics; biomedical diagnostics; biomedical therapy; biomedical devices; sensors and circuits; biomedical imaging and medical information systems; implants and regenerative medicine; neurotechnology; clinical engineering; rehabilitation engineering
● Biochemical engineering and applications: metabolic pathway engineering; modeling and simulation
● Translational bioengineering
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
