Microalgae: Green Engines for Achieving Carbon Sequestration, Circular Economy, and Environmental Sustainability-A Review Based on Last Ten Years of Research.

IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Md Muzammal Hoque, Valeria Iannelli, Francesca Padula, Rosa Paola Radice, Biplob Kumar Saha, Giuseppe Martelli, Antonio Scopa, Marios Drosos
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Feeding a growing global population requires sustainable, innovative, and cost-effective solutions, especially in light of the environmental damage and nutrient imbalances caused by excessive chemical fertilizer use. Microalgae have gained prominence due to their phylogenetic diversity, physiological adaptability, eco-compatible characteristics, and potential to support regenerative agriculture and mitigate climate change. Functioning as biofertilizers, biostimulants, and bioremediators, microalgae accelerate nutrient cycling, improve soil aggregation through extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), and stimulate rhizospheric microbial diversity. Empirical studies demonstrate their ability to increase crop yields by 5-25%, reduce chemical nitrogen inputs by up to 50%, and boost both organic carbon content and enzymatic activity in soils. Their application in saline and degraded lands further promotes resilience and ecological regeneration. Microalgal cultivation platforms offer scalable in situ carbon sequestration, converting atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into biomass with potential downstream vaporization into biofuels, bioplastics, and biochar, aligning with circular economy principles. While the commercial viability of microalgae is challenged by high production costs, technical complexities, and regulatory gaps, recent breakthroughs in cultivation systems, biorefinery integration, and strain optimization highlight promising pathways forward. This review highlights the strategic importance of microalgae in enhancing climate resilience, promoting agricultural sustainability, restoring soil health, and driving global bioeconomic transformation.

微藻:实现固碳、循环经济和环境可持续性的绿色引擎——近十年研究综述
养活不断增长的全球人口需要可持续、创新和具有成本效益的解决方案,特别是考虑到过度使用化肥造成的环境破坏和营养失衡。微藻因其系统发育多样性、生理适应性、生态相容性以及支持再生农业和减缓气候变化的潜力而备受关注。微藻作为生物肥料、生物刺激剂和生物修复剂,加速养分循环,通过细胞外聚合物质(EPSs)改善土壤聚集,并刺激根际微生物多样性。实证研究表明,它们能够将作物产量提高5-25%,减少高达50%的化学氮投入,并提高土壤中的有机碳含量和酶活性。它们在盐碱地和退化土地上的应用进一步促进了恢复力和生态再生。微藻培养平台提供可扩展的原位碳封存,将大气中的二氧化碳(CO2)转化为生物质,并可能在下游蒸发成生物燃料、生物塑料和生物炭,符合循环经济原则。虽然微藻的商业可行性受到高生产成本、技术复杂性和监管空白的挑战,但最近在培养系统、生物炼制整合和菌株优化方面的突破突出了有希望的发展道路。本文综述了微藻在增强气候适应能力、促进农业可持续性、恢复土壤健康和推动全球生物经济转型方面的重要战略意义。
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来源期刊
Bioengineering
Bioengineering Chemical Engineering-Bioengineering
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
8.70%
发文量
661
期刊介绍: Aims Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354) provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of bioengineering. It publishes original research papers, comprehensive reviews, communications and case reports. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. All aspects of bioengineering are welcomed from theoretical concepts to education and applications. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, four key features of this Journal: ● We are introducing a new concept in scientific and technical publications “The Translational Case Report in Bioengineering”. It is a descriptive explanatory analysis of a transformative or translational event. Understanding that the goal of bioengineering scholarship is to advance towards a transformative or clinical solution to an identified transformative/clinical need, the translational case report is used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles that may guide other similar transformative/translational undertakings. ● Manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed. ● Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. ● We also accept manuscripts communicating to a broader audience with regard to research projects financed with public funds. Scope ● Bionics and biological cybernetics: implantology; bio–abio interfaces ● Bioelectronics: wearable electronics; implantable electronics; “more than Moore” electronics; bioelectronics devices ● Bioprocess and biosystems engineering and applications: bioprocess design; biocatalysis; bioseparation and bioreactors; bioinformatics; bioenergy; etc. ● Biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering and applications: tissue engineering; chromosome engineering; embryo engineering; cellular, molecular and synthetic biology; metabolic engineering; bio-nanotechnology; micro/nano technologies; genetic engineering; transgenic technology ● Biomedical engineering and applications: biomechatronics; biomedical electronics; biomechanics; biomaterials; biomimetics; biomedical diagnostics; biomedical therapy; biomedical devices; sensors and circuits; biomedical imaging and medical information systems; implants and regenerative medicine; neurotechnology; clinical engineering; rehabilitation engineering ● Biochemical engineering and applications: metabolic pathway engineering; modeling and simulation ● Translational bioengineering
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