Determination of 523 Pesticide and Metabolite Residues in Vegetables Using Ultra-high-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Method Development and Application in Monitoring Survey and Exposure Risk Assessment

IF 3 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Analytical Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1007/s12161-025-02793-z

Haiyue Yuan, Jiafu Wang, Jiqiang Fu, Jishi Wang, Yanwei Zhang, Yue Geng, Bei Li, Zeying He

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A multiresidue method for simultaneously detecting 523 pesticides and metabolites in vegetables using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS and GC–MS/MS) was developed and rigorously validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, quantification limits, and matrix effects. The validated method was applied to analyze 300 vegetable samples from Shandong province, China, collected in 2023. Results showed the detection of 94 pesticides overall, with a detection rate of 31.67% and a 4.00% exceedance rate of maximum residue limits. Leafy vegetables exhibited the highest detection rate, and insecticides were commonly used in vegetable production. Thiamethoxam was the most frequently detected pesticide. Some banned and restricted pesticides were found at low levels. Celery, Chinese cabbage, tomato, cucumber, eggplant, sweet pepper, and spinach showed the highest frequency of multiple residues. In several rare cases, potential risks to adults and children were identified, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring of pesticide residues to ensure consumer safety.

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超高效液相色谱-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜中523种农药及其代谢物残留：方法开发及在监测调查和暴露风险评估中的应用

建立了一种超高效液相色谱-气相色谱-串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS和GC-MS /MS）同时检测蔬菜中523种农药和代谢物的多残留方法，并对其准确度、精密度、线性度、定量限和基质效应进行了严格验证。将该方法应用于2023年山东省采集的300份蔬菜样品的分析。结果表明，共检出94种农药，检出率为31.67%，超标率为4.00%。其中叶类蔬菜检出率最高，农药是蔬菜生产中常用的农药。最常检出的农药是噻虫嗪。部分禁用及限用农药含量较低。芹菜、白菜、番茄、黄瓜、茄子、甜椒和菠菜的多重残留频率最高。在一些罕见的情况下，发现了对成人和儿童的潜在风险，突出了持续监测农药残留以确保消费者安全的必要性。

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来源期刊

Food Analytical Methods 农林科学-食品科技

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

244

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： Food Analytical Methods publishes original articles, review articles, and notes on novel and/or state-of-the-art analytical methods or issues to be solved, as well as significant improvements or interesting applications to existing methods. These include analytical technology and methodology for food microbial contaminants, food chemistry and toxicology, food quality, food authenticity and food traceability. The journal covers fundamental and specific aspects of the development, optimization, and practical implementation in routine laboratories, and validation of food analytical methods for the monitoring of food safety and quality.