Hierarchical porous carbon microspheres from resorcinol-formaldehyde for supercapacitor and methylene blue adsorption

IF 3.2 4区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Porous Materials Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI:10.1007/s10934-025-01782-1

Xiao Liu, Huiying Guo, Yuqi Mu, Lingyao Duan, Yunling Li, Kedong Xia

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Abstract

Hierarchical porous carbon microspheres were prepared through solvothermal route with resorcinol and formaldehyde as precursors in HCl solution followed by pyrolysis at high temperature. The micropore size, graphitic carbon and surface C = O bond increase while mesopore size decreases as elevation of pyrolysis temperature. The presence of high specific surface area, micropore volume and amorphous carbon is beneficial to improve supercapacitor performance. The carbon material obtained at 1000 ^oC (C1000) has high specific surface area of 667.79 m²g^− 1 and micropore volume of 0.35 m³g^− 1, which shows the specific capacitance of 122 Fg^− 1 at the current density of 1 Ag^− 1 in 6 M KOH solution and good capacitance retention of 100% after 5000 cycles at 5Ag^− 1. The specific surface area and micropore volume reduce as increase of pyrolysis temperature. Besides the high specific surface area, mesopore volume and surface C = O bond, the micropore size distribution contributes significantly to the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The carbon material synthesized at 1200 ^oC (C1200) exhibits the adsorption equilibrium capacity of 99.3 mgg^− 1 and capacity retention of 83.5% after five cycles.

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间苯二酚甲醛分级多孔碳微球用于超级电容器和亚甲基蓝吸附

采用溶剂热法，以间苯二酚和甲醛为前驱体，在HCl溶液中高温热解制备了分级多孔碳微球。随着热解温度的升高，微孔尺寸、石墨碳和表面C = O键增大，中孔尺寸减小。高比表面积、微孔体积和非晶碳的存在有利于提高超级电容器的性能。在1000℃（C1000）下得到的碳材料具有667.79 m2g−1的高比表面积和0.35 m3g−1的微孔体积，在6 M KOH溶液中，在电流密度为1 Ag−1时的比电容为122 Fg−1，在5Ag−1下循环5000次后的电容保持率为100%。随着热解温度的升高，比表面积和微孔体积减小。除了高比表面积、介孔体积和表面C = O键外，微孔尺寸分布对亚甲基蓝（MB）的吸附也有重要影响。在1200℃（C1200）下合成的碳材料经过5次循环后，其吸附平衡容量为99.3 mg−1，容量保持率为83.5%。

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来源期刊

Journal of Porous Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.70%

发文量

203

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Porous Materials is an interdisciplinary and international periodical devoted to all types of porous materials. Its aim is the rapid publication of high quality, peer-reviewed papers focused on the synthesis, processing, characterization and property evaluation of all porous materials. The objective is to establish a unique journal that will serve as a principal means of communication for the growing interdisciplinary field of porous materials. Porous materials include microporous materials with 50 nm pores. Examples of microporous materials are natural and synthetic molecular sieves, cationic and anionic clays, pillared clays, tobermorites, pillared Zr and Ti phosphates, spherosilicates, carbons, porous polymers, xerogels, etc. Mesoporous materials include synthetic molecular sieves, xerogels, aerogels, glasses, glass ceramics, porous polymers, etc.; while macroporous materials include ceramics, glass ceramics, porous polymers, aerogels, cement, etc. The porous materials can be crystalline, semicrystalline or noncrystalline, or combinations thereof. They can also be either organic, inorganic, or their composites. The overall objective of the journal is the establishment of one main forum covering the basic and applied aspects of all porous materials.