Enhanced the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of PEO/CMC blend via TiO2 and ZnO nanoceramics: nanocomposites for capacitor applications

IF 3.2 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1007/s10971-025-06852-z

Abdu Saeed, Reem Alwafi, Fawziah Alajmi, Norah T. S. Albogamy, G. M. Asnag, Abeer M. Alosaimi, Noorah Ahmed Al-Ahmadi, Aeshah Salem

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Abstract

Flexible and high-performance dielectric materials are critical for modern energy storage systems. Herein, polymer nanocomposite (PNC) films, based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blend, were reinforced with TiO₂/ZnO nanoceramics. The nanoceramics were synthesized via a sol-gel route and incorporated into the PEO/CMC matrix at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.6 wt.% through the solution casting method. Structural analysis confirmed successful nanofiller incorporation, reducing crystallinity from 86.9% to 65.7% and increasing amorphous content. FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed interfacial interactions, decreasing optical band gaps and increasing Urbach energy, indicative of enhanced defect states. Dielectric performance of the PEO/CMC-TiO₂/ZnO PNC film with nanofillers’ content of 1.6 wt.% was markedly improved, with ε′ exceeding 10⁴ and tanδ reduced below 1.5 at low frequencies at an applied electric field of 50 kV.cm⁻¹. Where the capacitance–frequency analysis showed a notable increase in capacitance (0.1 μF to 8 μF), while electric modulus and Jonscher exponent analysis revealed a transition from dipolar to interfacial polarization and a conduction shift toward localized hopping. These enhancements position the TiO₂/ZnO-reinforced PEO/CMC system as a viable material for high-performance dielectric capacitors.

Graphical Abstract

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通过TiO2和ZnO纳米陶瓷增强PEO/CMC共混物的结构、光学、电学和介电性能：用于电容器的纳米复合材料

柔性和高性能的介电材料是现代储能系统的关键。本文以聚氧化物（PEO）和羧甲基纤维素（CMC）共混物为基础，用TiO2/ZnO纳米陶瓷增强聚合物纳米复合材料（PNC）薄膜。纳米陶瓷通过溶胶-凝胶途径合成，并以0.2至1.6 wt的浓度掺入PEO/CMC基质中。%通过溶液铸造法。结构分析证实纳米填料的成功加入，将结晶度从86.9%降低到65.7%，增加了非晶含量。FTIR和UV-Vis光谱显示界面相互作用，光学带隙减小，乌尔巴赫能增加，表明缺陷态增强。纳米填料含量为1.6 wt时PEO/CMC-TiO2/ZnO PNC膜的介电性能在50kv .cm−1的电场下，ε′大于104，tanδ小于1.5。其中，电容-频率分析显示电容显著增加（从0.1 μF增加到8 μF），电模量和Jonscher指数分析显示从偶极向界面极化转变，传导向局域跳变。这些增强使TiO2/ zno增强PEO/CMC系统成为高性能介电电容器的可行材料。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.