{"title":"How to Properly Account for Slope Effect in Byram’s Convective Number: A New Proposal","authors":"D. Morvan, G. Accary","doi":"10.1007/s10694-024-01670-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A modified expression of Byram's convective number is proposed to account for the effect of slope in wildland fires. Instead of decomposing the forces of wind and buoyancy, as is done for fire propagating over flat terrain, both forces are projected in directions parallel and perpendicular to the ground. For steep slopes, this correction results in a convective number that is significantly different from the formulation proposed by Nelson Jr (Int J Wildland Fire 24:1001–1007, 2015. 10.1071/WF14155). A database consisting of 11 experimental fires carried out in shrublands was used to support the use of the new convective number formula. In addition, 14 numerical simulations were carried out to better highlight the action of induced wind on wildfires behaviour.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"61 4","pages":"1991 - 2011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fire Technology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10694-024-01670-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A modified expression of Byram's convective number is proposed to account for the effect of slope in wildland fires. Instead of decomposing the forces of wind and buoyancy, as is done for fire propagating over flat terrain, both forces are projected in directions parallel and perpendicular to the ground. For steep slopes, this correction results in a convective number that is significantly different from the formulation proposed by Nelson Jr (Int J Wildland Fire 24:1001–1007, 2015. 10.1071/WF14155). A database consisting of 11 experimental fires carried out in shrublands was used to support the use of the new convective number formula. In addition, 14 numerical simulations were carried out to better highlight the action of induced wind on wildfires behaviour.
提出了一种修正的Byram对流数表达式，以考虑野火中坡度的影响。而不是分解风和浮力，就像在平坦地形上传播的火焰一样，这两种力都投射在平行和垂直于地面的方向上。对于陡峭的斜坡，这种修正导致的对流数与Nelson Jr （Int J Wildland Fire 24:1001-1007, 2015）提出的公式有很大不同。10.1071 / WF14155)。利用11个灌木林试验火灾的数据来支持新对流数公式的使用。此外，还进行了14次数值模拟，以更好地突出诱导风对野火行为的作用。
期刊介绍：
Fire Technology publishes original contributions, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to the solution of problems in fire safety science and engineering. It is the leading journal in the field, publishing applied research dealing with the full range of actual and potential fire hazards facing humans and the environment. It covers the entire domain of fire safety science and engineering problems relevant in industrial, operational, cultural, and environmental applications, including modeling, testing, detection, suppression, human behavior, wildfires, structures, and risk analysis.
The aim of Fire Technology is to push forward the frontiers of knowledge and technology by encouraging interdisciplinary communication of significant technical developments in fire protection and subjects of scientific interest to the fire protection community at large.
It is published in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). The mission of NFPA is to help save lives and reduce loss with information, knowledge, and passion. The mission of SFPE is advancing the science and practice of fire protection engineering internationally.
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