Mohamed. Elsafi, Mohamed Abdellatief, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Shoaa M. Al-Balawi, M. I. Sayyed
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the present study, composite materials composed of the heavy metal oxides (HMOs) PbO, BiO₃, and WO₃ in both micro- and nano-sized powder forms are evaluated for their ability to attenuate gamma radiation. For every oxide type, solid cylindrical pellets with the same mass and radius but different thicknesses were created and tested using an HPGe detector at photon energies ranging from 60 to 1333 keV, which were obtained from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60. Linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), transmission factor (TF), and radiation shielding efficiency (RSE) were the six main shielding parameters that were examined. Across all parameters, the results consistently demonstrated that nano-sized composites performed better at shielding than their micro-sized counterparts. The LAC values at 0.059 MeV were 24.557 and 23.567 cm⁻1 for nano- versus micro-sized PbO, 24.419 and 16.042 cm⁻1 for Bi₂O₃, and 16.257 and 15.784 cm⁻1 for WO₃. Nano-PbO had a higher LAC (0.544 cm⁻1) than micro-PbO (0.531 cm⁻1) even at 0.662 MeV. These results validate nano-HMO composites' superior attenuation capability and their potential to create lighter, thinner, and more effective shielding materials for use in nuclear, industrial, and medical applications.
期刊介绍：
The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size.
Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology.
The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.
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