Temperature tuning of Laguerre–Gaussian modes in a dye laser pumped through an acute-apex axicon in a liquid

IF 2 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 OPTICS

Applied Physics B Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI:10.1007/s00340-025-08567-z

Olga Burdukova, Vladimir Petukhov, Mikhail Semenov, Yuri Senatsky

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Abstract

Methods of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes formation are now the content of a significant number of publications on lasers of various types. Axicons with an obtuse apex (170–178\(^{\circ }\)) in combination with spherical lenses have been traditionally used in pumping channels of solid-state lasers to produce annular pump beams for LG modes selection. Switching of modes was carried out usually by moving the lenses or some other elements of the laser. We show that acute-apex axicons in a liquid (which do not work in air because of the total internal reflection inside) can be used also for LG modes selection and allow temperature switching of modes. A cuvette with 78\(^{\circ }\) apex axicon immersed in a liquid mixture was installed in the pumping channel of a pulsed Rh6G dye laser (\(\lambda _\text {las} \approx \) 580 nm, \(\lambda _\text {pump}\) = 532 nm). Temperature tuning of LG\(_{0\,l}\) petal modes with indices up to l = 21 was demonstrated. Switching to the neighboring mode required changing the temperature of the cuvette with the axicon by \(\approx \) 1.2\(^{\circ }\hbox {C}\) with no shift of any laser elements. The obtained results expand the range of axicons that can be used in laser pumping channels and provide a practically convenient method of LG modes selection in a laser.

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液体中抽运锐尖轴突的染料激光器拉盖尔-高斯模式的温度调谐

拉盖尔-高斯（LG）模式形成的方法现在是关于各种类型激光器的大量出版物的内容。具有钝顶点的轴锥（170-178 \(^{\circ }\)）与球面透镜相结合，传统上用于固体激光器的泵浦通道，以产生用于LG模式选择的环形泵浦光束。模式的切换通常是通过移动激光器的透镜或其他元件来实现的。我们表明，液体中的锐尖轴（由于内部的全内反射，在空气中不起作用）也可用于LG模式选择并允许模式的温度切换。在脉冲Rh6G染料激光器（\(\lambda _\text {las} \approx \) 580 nm, \(\lambda _\text {pump}\) = 532 nm）的抽运通道中安装了一个78 \(^{\circ }\)顶点轴向浸入液体混合物的试管。证明了LG \(_{0\,l}\)花瓣模式的温度调谐，其指数高达l = 21。切换到邻近模式需要将试管的温度与轴突改变\(\approx \) 1.2 \(^{\circ }\hbox {C}\)，而不移动任何激光元件。所得结果扩大了激光泵浦通道中可使用的轴向范围，为激光中LG模式的选择提供了一种实用方便的方法。

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来源期刊

Applied Physics B 物理-光学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

202

审稿时长

3.0 months

期刊介绍： Features publication of experimental and theoretical investigations in applied physics Offers invited reviews in addition to regular papers Coverage includes laser physics, linear and nonlinear optics, ultrafast phenomena, photonic devices, optical and laser materials, quantum optics, laser spectroscopy of atoms, molecules and clusters, and more 94% of authors who answered a survey reported that they would definitely publish or probably publish in the journal again Publishing essential research results in two of the most important areas of applied physics, both Applied Physics sections figure among the top most cited journals in this field. In addition to regular papers Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics features invited reviews. Fields of topical interest are covered by feature issues. The journal also includes a rapid communication section for the speedy publication of important and particularly interesting results.