Multi-group organic pollutants in urban and suburban atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5): Temporal variation, meteorological impact, and sources

IF 2.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Ebru Koçak, Seda Aslan, İpek İmamoğlu, Gürdal Tuncel
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Several adverse health impacts have been attributed to particulate matter-PM2.5, defined as having a diameter of less than 2.5 µm. The World Health Organization has determined that 5 µg m−3 is the 24-h limit threshold. PM2.5 comes from various primary sources and is also created by secondary atmospheric processes. Finding responsible sources can help regulate by focusing on the biological processes that underlie the observed health impacts. Determining the chemical composition of PM2.5 is the first phase in allocating PM2.5 to various sources. This study outlines the procedure for organic speciation of PM2.5—solvent-extractable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids, and levoglucosan. Daily PM2.5 aerosol samples were collected between July 2014 and September 2015 in Ankara, Turkey. Seasonal average concentrations of measured species ranged from 13.51 to 65.04 ng m−3 for PAHs, 36 to 150 ng m−3 for n-alkanes, 24 to 47 ng m−3 for n-alkanoic acids, 0.44 to 3.6 ng m−3 for levoglucosan. n-Alkanes are the most abundant group at both urban and suburban sites. Concentrations of all groups were higher during winter, which is associated with emissions from space heating and lower mixing height in winter months. The diagnostic ratios between specific atmospheric concentrations of tracers depicted that the particulate organic compounds are mainly from anthropogenic sources like vehicular emission, biogenic combustion, and food cooking.

城市和郊区大气颗粒物(PM2.5)多组有机污染物:时间变化、气象影响和来源
一些对健康的不利影响归因于颗粒物质——pm2.5,定义为直径小于2.5微米。世界卫生组织已经确定,5µg - 3是24小时的极限阈值。PM2.5有多种主要来源,也可由二次大气过程产生。寻找负责任的来源可以通过关注观察到的健康影响背后的生物过程来帮助进行管理。确定PM2.5的化学成分是将PM2.5分配到各种来源的第一步。本研究概述了pm2.5的有机形态的过程-溶剂可提取的多环芳烃(PAHs),正烷烃,正烷酸和左旋葡聚糖。2014年7月至2015年9月在土耳其安卡拉收集每日PM2.5气溶胶样本。所测物种的季节平均浓度范围为:多环芳烃13.51 ~ 65.04 ng m−3,正构烷烃36 ~ 150 ng m−3,正烷酸24 ~ 47 ng m−3,左旋葡聚糖0.44 ~ 3.6 ng m−3。正构烷烃是城市和郊区最丰富的基团。所有组的浓度在冬季都较高,这与冬季空间供暖排放和较低的混合高度有关。具体大气示踪剂浓度之间的诊断比率表明,颗粒有机化合物主要来自人为来源,如车辆排放、生物燃烧和食物烹饪。
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来源期刊
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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