Optimization and characterization of ultrasonically extracted oil from watermelon seeds using response surface methodology: a pathway to biodiesel and epoxy oil production

IF 4.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1007/s13399-025-06746-8

Workisa Bacha Garuma, Tesfaye Kassaw Bedru, Gadissa Tokuma Gindaba, Mani Jayakumar, Idosa Toyi Edae, Beteley Tekola Meshesha, Shegaw Ahmed Mohammed, Abayneh Getachew Demesa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The growing demand for renewable energy and sustainable materials has led to interest in the production of unconventional oil such as watermelon seeds for the productions of biodiesel, epoxy resins, and polyols. The oil is extracted by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction and RSM is used to optimize the process parameters. The extracted oil physico-chemical composition, mineral content, thermogravimetric properties, functional groups, and fatty acid profiles were analyzed to check the potential of the oil for producing biodiesel, epoxy resin, and polyol. Under optimal conditions of 48.2 °C, 46.3 min, and solid-solvent ratio of 0.067, oil yield was 47.5%. Fatty acid composition included palmitic (5.63%), stearic (3.04%), oleic (19.25%), linoleic (69.96%), and linolenic acid (2.12%). The physico-chemical characteristics of the oil include an iodine value of 124.8 g I₂/100 g, acidity value of 1.02 mg KOH/g, and saponification value of 201.4 mg KOH/g. The mineral composition also shows its suitability for biodiesel, epoxy resin, and polyol production. The watermelon seed oil properties indicate its suitability for bioenergy and biased material production which has great potential for bio-based industrial applications.

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利用响应面法优化和表征西瓜籽超声提取油：生产生物柴油和环氧油的途径

对可再生能源和可持续材料的需求不断增长，导致人们对生产非常规油（如用于生产生物柴油、环氧树脂和多元醇的西瓜籽）产生了兴趣。采用超声辅助溶剂萃取法提取油，并采用RSM法对工艺参数进行优化。分析了提取油的理化成分、矿物含量、热重性质、官能团和脂肪酸谱，以检查油在生产生物柴油、环氧树脂和多元醇方面的潜力。在温度为48.2℃，时间为46.3 min，料液比为0.067的条件下，油得率为47.5%。脂肪酸组成包括棕榈酸（5.63%）、硬脂酸（3.04%）、油酸（19.25%）、亚油酸（69.96%）和亚麻酸（2.12%）。其理化性质为碘值为124.8 g /100 g，酸度值为1.02 mg KOH/g，皂化值为2010.4 mg KOH/g。矿物成分也显示其适合生物柴油，环氧树脂和多元醇的生产。西瓜籽油的特性表明其适合生物能源和偏压材料的生产，具有很大的生物基工业应用潜力。

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来源期刊

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

15.00%

发文量

1358

期刊介绍： Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery presents articles and information on research, development and applications in thermo-chemical conversion; physico-chemical conversion and bio-chemical conversion, including all necessary steps for the provision and preparation of the biomass as well as all possible downstream processing steps for the environmentally sound and economically viable provision of energy and chemical products.