Sol–gel synthesized nanoscale mixed Zn-Mg ferrite as nanoseeds for in vitro magnetic fluid hyperthermia for cancer treatment

IF 3.2 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI:10.1007/s10971-025-06850-1

Sandeep B. Somvanshi, Elmuez A. Dawi

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Abstract

The development of advanced nanomaterials for cancer therapy has gained substantial attention for their potential in targeted treatments such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH). In this study, we synthesized mixed Zn-Mg ferrite nanoparticles (Zn_0.5Mg_0.5Fe₂O₄) using the sol-gel self-combustion method, with citric acid as the fuel and a metal nitrate-to-fuel ratio of 1:3. The nanoparticles were characterized for their structural, morphological, magnetic, and thermal properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). XRD analysis confirmed a single-phase spinel structure with an average crystallite size of ~21 nm. FE-SEM revealed spherical nanoparticles with uniform distribution, while EDAX confirmed the stoichiometric composition. Magnetic measurements showed superparamagnetic behavior, with a saturation magnetization of ~29.9 emu/g, indicating potential for MFH. In vitro studies on L929 and MCF-7 cell lines demonstrated good biocompatibility and significant cytotoxicity towards cancer cells under hyperthermia conditions. These results suggest that Zn_0.5Mg_0.5Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles are promising nanoseeds for non-invasive MFH cancer therapy with minimal side effects.

Graphical Abstract

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溶胶-凝胶合成纳米级混合锌-镁铁氧体纳米种子用于体外磁流体热疗治疗癌症

用于癌症治疗的先进纳米材料的发展因其在磁流体热疗（MFH）等靶向治疗中的潜力而受到广泛关注。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶自燃法，以柠檬酸为燃料，金属硝酸盐与燃料比为1:3，合成了混合Zn-Mg铁氧体纳米粒子（Zn0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4）。利用x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、拉曼光谱、扫描电镜（FE-SEM）、能量色散x射线光谱（EDAX）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）和动态光散射（DLS）对纳米颗粒的结构、形态、磁性和热性能进行了表征。XRD分析证实为平均晶粒尺寸为~21 nm的单相尖晶石结构。FE-SEM显示纳米颗粒呈球形，分布均匀，EDAX证实了其化学计量组成。磁测量显示出超顺磁行为，饱和磁化强度为~29.9 emu/g，表明了MFH的潜力。体外研究表明，L929和MCF-7细胞系在高温条件下具有良好的生物相容性和显著的细胞毒性。这些结果表明，Zn0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4纳米粒子是非侵入性MFH癌症治疗的有希望的纳米种子，副作用小。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.