{"title":"Vibrocompaction behaviour of dry granular matter depends on the dynamic to static stress ratio","authors":"Moritz Wotzlaw, Daniel Aubram, Frank Rackwitz","doi":"10.1007/s10035-025-01539-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mechanical behaviour of dry granular materials is strongly influenced by the effects of cyclic accelerations caused by vibrations. While the shear strength is temporarily reduced for the duration of the vibration, the bulk density is permanently increased. Although these phenomena have been known for a long time, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work contributes to a better understanding of the compaction of dry granular materials by vertical vibrations by introducing a new dimensionless parameter in the form of the ratio of dynamic to static stresses inside the granulate. With the help of numerical simulations using the discrete element method, a parametric study shows that this stress ratio is better suited than the conventionally used acceleration ratio to characterise the essential compaction properties of the material. An analytical model for the stress distribution in the granulate is presented and employed alongside with laboratory tests to validate the numerical model. The problem is treated here in one dimension, but an extension to three dimensions is possible.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>A granular sample subject to gravity, a static surcharge and vibrational accelerations (left). The dynamic to static stress ratio grows non-linearly with depth and correlates to the local void ratio after vibrations (right).</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":49323,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-025-01539-2.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Granular Matter","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10035-025-01539-2","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The mechanical behaviour of dry granular materials is strongly influenced by the effects of cyclic accelerations caused by vibrations. While the shear strength is temporarily reduced for the duration of the vibration, the bulk density is permanently increased. Although these phenomena have been known for a long time, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work contributes to a better understanding of the compaction of dry granular materials by vertical vibrations by introducing a new dimensionless parameter in the form of the ratio of dynamic to static stresses inside the granulate. With the help of numerical simulations using the discrete element method, a parametric study shows that this stress ratio is better suited than the conventionally used acceleration ratio to characterise the essential compaction properties of the material. An analytical model for the stress distribution in the granulate is presented and employed alongside with laboratory tests to validate the numerical model. The problem is treated here in one dimension, but an extension to three dimensions is possible.
Graphical abstract
A granular sample subject to gravity, a static surcharge and vibrational accelerations (left). The dynamic to static stress ratio grows non-linearly with depth and correlates to the local void ratio after vibrations (right).
期刊介绍：
Although many phenomena observed in granular materials are still not yet fully understood, important contributions have been made to further our understanding using modern tools from statistical mechanics, micro-mechanics, and computational science.
These modern tools apply to disordered systems, phase transitions, instabilities or intermittent behavior and the performance of discrete particle simulations.
>> Until now, however, many of these results were only to be found scattered throughout the literature. Physicists are often unaware of the theories and results published by engineers or other fields - and vice versa.
The journal Granular Matter thus serves as an interdisciplinary platform of communication among researchers of various disciplines who are involved in the basic research on granular media. It helps to establish a common language and gather articles under one single roof that up to now have been spread over many journals in a variety of fields. Notwithstanding, highly applied or technical work is beyond the scope of this journal.
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