Development of UAD-ICP-OES Method for Determination of Multi-Element in Wine Beverages: Evaluating Human Health Risk Assessment and Method Greenness Index

IF 3 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Analytical Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1007/s12161-025-02779-x

Celiwe P. Dlangalala, Njabulo S. Mdluli, Masixole Sihlahla, Nomvano Mketo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a cost-effective “green” ultrasound-assisted dilution (UAD) for the extraction of major (Na, Ca, k, Mg, B, Ba, and Al) and trace elements (Ni, As, Pb, Sb, Ti, Cd, Co, V, Cr, and Cu) from red wine samples prior to analysis using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). A multivariate optimization tool was used for the assessment of the optimum method extraction parameters, which were 3 M, 2 mL, 30 min, and 70 °C for HNO₃ concentration, wine volume, extraction time, and ultrasound temperature, respectively. The developed UAD method reported very high LOQ that ranged from 26 to 1040 µg/L, precision of ≤ 6.3%, and accuracy ranging from 92 to 101%. Based on the results obtained, all the detected metals except for Na were above the SANS 241 drinking water standard, while in comparison to OIV standards, all the metals exceeded the maximum permissible limit except B. Human health risk was assessed using various assessment indices, and the results obtained indicated a significant risk to human health posed by metal contaminated wine consumption. The greenness of the method to comply with green chemistry principles was assessed using various metrics tools such as NEMI, AES, and AGREE. When comparing the results obtained from all these tools, they all qualified the proposed method as green.

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UAD-ICP-OES法测定葡萄酒饮料中多元素：评价人体健康风险评价及方法绿色指数

本研究的目的是开发一种具有成本效益的“绿色”超声辅助稀释（UAD），用于从红酒样品中提取主要元素（Na, Ca, k, Mg， B， Ba和Al）和微量元素（Ni, As, Pb, Sb, Ti, Cd, Co， V， Cr和Cu），然后使用电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱（ICP-OES）进行分析。采用多变量优化工具评价最佳提取工艺参数：HNO3浓度、酒体积、提取时间、超声温度分别为3 M、2 mL、30 min、70℃。该方法的定量限为26 ~ 1040µg/L，精密度≤6.3%，准确度为92 ~ 101%。结果表明，除Na外，所有检测到的金属均高于SANS 241饮用水标准，而与OIV标准相比，除b外，所有金属均超过最大允许限量。通过各种评估指标对人体健康风险进行了评估，结果表明金属污染的葡萄酒对人体健康构成重大风险。使用NEMI、AES和AGREE等各种度量工具评估了该方法符合绿色化学原则的绿色程度。当比较所有这些工具获得的结果时，他们都认为所提出的方法是绿色的。

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来源期刊

Food Analytical Methods 农林科学-食品科技

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

244

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： Food Analytical Methods publishes original articles, review articles, and notes on novel and/or state-of-the-art analytical methods or issues to be solved, as well as significant improvements or interesting applications to existing methods. These include analytical technology and methodology for food microbial contaminants, food chemistry and toxicology, food quality, food authenticity and food traceability. The journal covers fundamental and specific aspects of the development, optimization, and practical implementation in routine laboratories, and validation of food analytical methods for the monitoring of food safety and quality.