Recent advances in optoelectronic synapses: from advanced materials to neuromorphic applications

IF 11 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI:10.1007/s12598-025-03433-5

Fengmei Su, Zongyao Wang, Jiawei Wan, Dan Wang

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Abstract

Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems, optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals, enabling biomimetic visual perception systems. Achieving memory retention and intelligent perceptual functions continues to pose a major hurdle in the advancement of neuromorphic artificial synapse devices. This review begins with an exploration of biological neural synapses, analyzing the fundamental characteristics and structures of biomimetic optoelectronic synapses. It then delves into the design of device and material structures to achieve postsynaptic current and memory behavior, elucidating their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the latest application scenarios of these devices are summarized, highlighting the opportunities and challenges in their future development. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in optoelectronic synapses, from material innovations to neuromorphic applications, paving the way for next-generation artificial visual systems and neuromorphic computing.

Graphical abstract

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光电突触的最新进展：从先进材料到神经形态应用

受生物系统视觉神经元的启发，光电突触器件集成光响应半导体材料，将光转换为电信号，实现仿生视觉感知系统。实现记忆保留和智能感知功能仍然是神经形态人工突触装置发展的主要障碍。本文从生物神经突触的研究概况入手，分析了仿生光电突触的基本特征和结构。然后深入研究了装置和材料结构的设计，以实现突触后电流和记忆行为，阐明了它们的潜在机制。并对这些器件的最新应用场景进行了总结，强调了其未来发展的机遇和挑战。本文综述了光电子突触的研究进展，从材料创新到神经形态应用，为下一代人工视觉系统和神经形态计算铺平道路。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Rare Metals 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

2919

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Rare Metals is a monthly peer-reviewed journal published by the Nonferrous Metals Society of China. It serves as a platform for engineers and scientists to communicate and disseminate original research articles in the field of rare metals. The journal focuses on a wide range of topics including metallurgy, processing, and determination of rare metals. Additionally, it showcases the application of rare metals in advanced materials such as superconductors, semiconductors, composites, and ceramics.