Antiviral activity of silver and selenium nanoparticles against SARS-CoV-2: A comprehensive systematic review of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jtemb.2025.127768

João Marcos Carvalho-Silva, Andréa Cândido dos Reis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to answer the following question: "Do silver (AgNPs) and selenium (SeNPs) nanoparticles, either individually or incorporated into materials and products, exhibit antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 strains?"

Methods

This review was registered in PROSPERO and conducted following the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ProQuest in March 2025 to identify studies evaluating the effects of isolated or material-incorporated AgNPs and SeNPs against SARS-CoV-2.

Results

AgNPs and SeNPs exhibit strong virucidal and antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and its Spike glycoprotein, both as isolated nanoparticles and when incorporated into masks, goggles, polymers, sprays, coatings, mouthwashes, and solutions. High efficacy has been demonstrated across in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, with enhanced outcomes associated with smaller particle sizes, higher concentrations, and longer contact times.

Conclusion

Both isolated and material-integrated AgNPs and SeNPs exhibit high antiviral and virucidal effectiveness against multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies.

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银和硒纳米颗粒对SARS-CoV-2的抗病毒活性：对体外、体内和临床证据的全面系统综述

本系统综述旨在回答以下问题：“银（AgNPs）和硒（SeNPs）纳米颗粒，无论是单独使用还是结合到材料和产品中，是否表现出对SARS-CoV-2菌株的抗病毒活性？”方法本综述在普洛斯彼罗杂志注册，并按照PRISMA 2020（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南进行。我们于2025年3月在PubMed、Scopus、Embase、LILACS、ScienceDirect、谷歌Scholar和ProQuest中进行了全面检索，以确定评估分离或材料结合AgNPs和SeNPs对SARS-CoV-2效果的研究。结果agnps和SeNPs对SARS-CoV-2及其Spike糖蛋白均表现出较强的抗病毒活性，无论是作为分离的纳米颗粒，还是被纳入口罩、护目镜、聚合物、喷雾剂、涂料、漱口水和溶液中。在体外、体内和临床研究中都证明了高疗效，并且与更小的颗粒尺寸、更高的浓度和更长的接触时间相关的结果增强。结论分离的AgNPs和材料整合的SeNPs在体外、体内和临床研究中对多种SARS-CoV-2毒株均表现出较高的抗病毒和杀病毒效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

2.90%

发文量

202

审稿时长

85 days

期刊介绍： The journal provides the reader with a thorough description of theoretical and applied aspects of trace elements in medicine and biology and is devoted to the advancement of scientific knowledge about trace elements and trace element species. Trace elements play essential roles in the maintenance of physiological processes. During the last decades there has been a great deal of scientific investigation about the function and binding of trace elements. The Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology focuses on the description and dissemination of scientific results concerning the role of trace elements with respect to their mode of action in health and disease and nutritional importance. Progress in the knowledge of the biological role of trace elements depends, however, on advances in trace elements chemistry. Thus the Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology will include only those papers that base their results on proven analytical methods. Also, we only publish those articles in which the quality assurance regarding the execution of experiments and achievement of results is guaranteed.