Entropy generation minimization in multi-tube evaporators under constant volume conditions using R32 refrigerant via a hybrid genetic and gradient-based optimization approach

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104107

Bhaskar Halder , Md Naim Hossain , Anish Pal , Koushik Ghosh

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Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of entropy generation in a multi-tube evaporator system under constrained volume conditions. A multiphase entropy generation model, based on the drift flux approach, was developed to account for pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics, and validated against experimental data. The influence of tube diameter, number of tubes, heat flux, and system volume on total entropy generation was systematically investigated. The existence of an Entropy Generation Minimization (EGM) point was observed, governed by the competing effects of pressure drop and heat transfer. It was found that increasing tube diameter shifts the EGM point to lower mass flux, while increasing the number of tubes or heat flux shifts it to higher mass flux. Higher volume also resulted in a shift of the EGM point towards lower mass flux. A detailed critical mass flux (G_crit) map, representing the mass flux at the EGM point, was developed across a broad range of design parameters. Optimization was carried out using a hybrid approach combining Genetic Algorithm and gradient-based refinement (fmincon). The optimal configuration achieved a minimum entropy generation of 0.02605 W/K, with a tube diameter of 21.34 mm, volume of 0.00104 m³, number of tubes 6, heat flux 5.048 kW/m², and mass flux 280 kg/m²·s.

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基于遗传和梯度混合优化方法的R32制冷剂恒容条件下多管蒸发器熵产最小化

本文对约束容积条件下多管蒸发器系统的熵产进行了综合分析。基于漂移通量法，建立了考虑压降和传热特性的多相熵生成模型，并通过实验数据进行了验证。系统地研究了管径、管数、热流密度和系统体积对总熵生成的影响。在压降和换热的相互作用下，存在一个熵产最小点。增大管径会使EGM点向较低的质量通量移动，而增大管数或热通量会使EGM点向较高的质量通量移动。较高的体积也导致EGM点向较低的质量通量移动。一个详细的临界质量通量（Gcrit）图，表示在EGM点的质量通量，在广泛的设计参数范围内开发。采用遗传算法和梯度优化（fmincon）相结合的混合方法进行优化。优化配置的最小熵产为0.02605 W/K，管径为21.34 mm，体积为0.00104 m3，管数为6，热流密度为5.048 kW/m2，质量通量为280 kg/m2·s。

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来源期刊

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

10.40%

发文量

327

审稿时长

41 days

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