In vitro efficacy of essential oils against for the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus: Ultrastructural analysis of larval alterations using scanning electron microscopy

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110616

Luciano dos Reis Silva Santos , Juliana Pimenta Cruz , Geziella Aurea Aparecida Damasceno Souza , Marta Cristina Pereira da Silva , Fernando Veloso Caldeira Barcellos , Andréia Luiza Oliveira Costa , André Luiz Sena Guimarães , Eduardo Robson Duarte , Viviane de Oliveira Vasconcelos

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Abstract

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is an ectoparasite of significant economic impact in livestock, exacerbated by resistance to synthetic acaricides. This study evaluated the acaricidal activity of eight essential oils (EOs) on larval and engorged female stages of R. (B.) microplus and, analyzed the morphological alterations in larvae using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The stability of the EOs was also tested at different temperatures using the Preliminary Accelerated Stability Test (PAST). EOs from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Ocimum basilicum, Eucalyptus globulus and Citrus reticulata exhibited efficacy greater than 80 % against larvae at concentrations ≥ 2,5 %. The EO of C. zeylanicum was particularly notable, inhibiting 100 % of oviposition in engorged females at concentrations of 5 % and 2,5 %. The chemical composition of the EOs was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), identifying -limonene, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, eugenol, and germacrene-D as major compounds. SEM revealed, in larvae exposed to the EOs of C. reticulata, O. basilicum, E. caryophyllus, and E. globulus, cuticular lesions, loss of integrity, oral deformities, and damage to locomotor appendages. The EO of E. globulus maintained its sensory properties even when subjected to different temperatures over 30 days, demonstrating efficacy of 97,4 % and 71 % against R. microplus larvae when stored at −20°C and 4°C, respectively. The data demonstrated acaricidal property of EO of E. globulus against the larvae and adults of R. microplus.

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挥发油体外防治微牛头虫的效果：扫描电镜对幼虫变化的超微结构分析

微头鼻虫（Boophilus）是一种对牲畜产生重大经济影响的体外寄生虫，对合成杀螨剂的抗性加剧了这种影响。本研究评价了8种精油对小夜蛾幼虫和膨大雌虫的杀螨活性，并利用扫描电镜（SEM）分析了小夜蛾幼虫的形态变化。使用初步加速稳定性测试（PAST）测试了EOs在不同温度下的稳定性。当浓度≥ 2,5 %时，黄樟、basilicum、蓝桉和柑橘精油对幼虫的抑制效果均大于80 %。在5 %和2、5 %的浓度下，zeylanicum的EO对膨大雌虫的产卵抑制率为100 %。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）测定了其化学成分，鉴定出主要化合物为-柠檬烯、桉木醇、樟脑、芳樟醇、丁香酚和桉木烯- d。扫描电镜显示，暴露于网纹、basilicum、石竹和球状虫的幼虫会出现表皮病变、完整性丧失、口腔畸形和运动附件损伤。在- 20℃和- 4℃条件下，球棘球绦虫的EO在不同温度条件下保持了其感官特性，对微夜蛾幼虫的效果分别为97、4 %和71 %。结果表明，球棘球绦虫的EO对小褐家蝇幼虫和成虫均有杀螨作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology 农林科学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

126

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The journal Veterinary Parasitology has an open access mirror journal,Veterinary Parasitology: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. This journal is concerned with those aspects of helminthology, protozoology and entomology which are of interest to animal health investigators, veterinary practitioners and others with a special interest in parasitology. Papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites in all domesticated animals, fall within the scope of the journal. Papers of geographically limited (local) interest which are not of interest to an international audience will not be accepted. Authors who submit papers based on local data will need to indicate why their paper is relevant to a broader readership. Parasitological studies on laboratory animals fall within the scope of the journal only if they provide a reasonably close model of a disease of domestic animals. Additionally the journal will consider papers relating to wildlife species where they may act as disease reservoirs to domestic animals, or as a zoonotic reservoir. Case studies considered to be unique or of specific interest to the journal, will also be considered on occasions at the Editors'' discretion. Papers dealing exclusively with the taxonomy of parasites do not fall within the scope of the journal.