Impact of decadal climate change on Chlorophyll-a variability in sea surface temperature frontal zones of the Yellow Sea

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109546

Jing Yang , Chunli Liu , Qiwei Sun , Yuntao Wang , Qicheng Meng , Lu Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oceanic fronts are ubiquitous phenomena that significantly influence marine hydrodynamics and ecology. Using satellite datasets, this study examines the seasonal and interannual variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the Shandong Peninsula Coastal Front (SP) and the Korean Peninsula Front (KP) from 2003 to 2021. On a seasonal scale, the Chl-a concentrations in the SP increased during winter and spring, attributed to enhanced deep mixing and upwelling, which increased nutrient availability for phytoplankton. In contrast, the higher Chl-a concentrations were observed during summer and autumn in the KP, mainly due to increased runoff bringing terrestrial nutrients to inshore waters, along with restricted horizontal nutrient exchange between offshore and inshore regions. On an interannual scale, variability in Chl-a concentrations exhibited similar spatial patterns across the SP, KP, and Yellow Sea. The findings also highlight the critical role of wind stress curl (WSC) in the interannual variability of Chl-a concentrations in the Yellow Sea. Positive WSC anomalies enhance upwelling, transporting more nutrients from the subsurface to surface waters, thereby increasing Chl-a concentrations. Additionally, asymmetric interannual variability was evident during La Niña events, with positive Chl-a anomalies in 2011 and negative anomalies in 2021. Further analysis reveals an increasing trend in Chl-a concentration from 2003 to 2011, followed by a decreasing trend from 2012 to 2021, driven primarily by Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) by altering sea surface temperature (SST), wind, and nutrient availability. Changes in wind speed affected SST dynamics, influencing offshore Ekman transport and coastal upwelling. Variations in SST impacted vertical stratification, which in turn influenced nutrient diffusion and Chl-a concentration. This study enhances our understanding of the ecological environment in the marginal seas and provides a scientific basis for the characterizing physical-biogeochemical dynamics.

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年代际气候变化对黄海海温锋区叶绿素-a变异的影响

海洋锋面是一种普遍存在的现象，对海洋流体力学和生态具有重要影响。利用卫星资料，研究了2003 - 2021年山东半岛海岸锋（SP）和朝鲜半岛锋（KP）地区叶绿素-a （Chl-a）浓度的季节和年际变化。在季节尺度上，SP中Chl-a浓度在冬季和春季增加，这是由于深层混合和上升流增强，增加了浮游植物的养分有效性。相比之下，夏、秋两季在KP中观测到较高的Chl-a浓度，这主要是由于径流增加将陆地营养物质带到近岸水域，以及近海和近岸区域之间的水平营养物质交换受到限制。在年际尺度上，SP、KP和黄海的Chl-a浓度变化呈现相似的空间格局。这些发现还强调了风应力旋度（WSC）在黄海Chl-a浓度年际变化中的关键作用。正的WSC异常增强了上升流，将更多的营养物质从地下输送到地表水，从而增加了Chl-a浓度。此外，La Niña事件的非对称年际变化明显，2011年Chl-a呈正异常，2021年呈负异常。进一步分析表明，2003 - 2011年Chl-a浓度呈上升趋势，2012 - 2021年Chl-a浓度呈下降趋势，主要受太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）通过改变海温（SST）、风和养分有效性的驱动。风速变化影响海温动力学，影响近海Ekman运输和沿岸上升流。海温变化影响垂直分层，进而影响养分扩散和Chl-a浓度。该研究提高了我们对边缘海生态环境的认识，为物理-生物地球化学动力学的表征提供了科学依据。

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来源期刊

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 地学-海洋学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

7.10%

发文量

374

审稿时长

9 months

期刊介绍： Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science is an international multidisciplinary journal devoted to the analysis of saline water phenomena ranging from the outer edge of the continental shelf to the upper limits of the tidal zone. The journal provides a unique forum, unifying the multidisciplinary approaches to the study of the oceanography of estuaries, coastal zones, and continental shelf seas. It features original research papers, review papers and short communications treating such disciplines as zoology, botany, geology, sedimentology, physical oceanography.