Effects of continuous glucose monitoring on dietary behavior and physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 7.4 3区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes research and clinical practice Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112907

Dan Zhang , Jing Huang , Yiyun Zhang , Zixuan Wei , Tianxue Long , Xiaojing Guo , Mingzi Li

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Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on dietary behaviors and physical activity. A comprehensive search of six databases was conducted up to May 3, 2025, identifying 21 trials involving 1,488 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, overweight, or obesity. Most studies used real-time CGM systems. Compared with control groups, CGM users showed a significantly lower proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates, although no significant differences were observed in total energy intake or in the proportions of energy from fat or protein. Pre-post analyses within intervention groups revealed significant reductions in total energy intake and changes in macronutrient composition. However, CGM use did not result in significant improvements in sedentary time or time spent in light or moderate physical activity. These findings suggest that CGM may facilitate healthier dietary behaviors through real-time, individualized feedback, though its effects on physical activity are limited. Further research is needed to evaluate the integration of CGM with AI-based interventions and to address the role of user health literacy in optimizing outcomes.

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连续血糖监测对饮食行为和身体活动的影响：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

本系统综述和荟萃分析研究了连续血糖监测（CGM）对饮食行为和身体活动的影响。截至2025年5月3日，对6个数据库进行了全面搜索，确定了21项试验，涉及1488名患有1型或2型糖尿病、超重或肥胖的成年人。大多数研究使用实时CGM系统。与对照组相比，CGM服用者从碳水化合物中摄入的能量比例显著降低，但在总能量摄入或从脂肪或蛋白质中摄入的能量比例上没有观察到显著差异。干预组的前后分析显示，总能量摄入显著减少，宏量营养素组成发生变化。然而，使用CGM并没有导致久坐时间或轻度或中度身体活动时间的显著改善。这些发现表明，尽管CGM对身体活动的影响有限，但它可能通过实时、个性化的反馈促进更健康的饮食行为。需要进一步的研究来评估CGM与基于人工智能的干预措施的整合，并解决用户健康素养在优化结果中的作用。

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来源期刊

Diabetes research and clinical practice 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

3.90%

发文量

862

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice is an international journal for health-care providers and clinically oriented researchers that publishes high-quality original research articles and expert reviews in diabetes and related areas. The role of the journal is to provide a venue for dissemination of knowledge and discussion of topics related to diabetes clinical research and patient care. Topics of focus include translational science, genetics, immunology, nutrition, psychosocial research, epidemiology, prevention, socio-economic research, complications, new treatments, technologies and therapy.