Gut microflora, gut morphometry and haemato-biochemical analyses of juvenile Clarias gariepinus fed dietary Lactobacillus plantarum and guava (Psidium guajava)

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103120

Seyramsarah Blossom Setufe , Emmanuel Kolawole Ajani , Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe , Samuel Temitope Ogunbanwo , Senam Patrick Fatsi , Berchie Asiedu , Andrews Apraku , Sajjad Pourmozaffar , Ibrahim Adeshina

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Abstract

Introducing probiotics and phytobiotics into fish feed is an effective strategy to reduce production costs and improve profit margins. However, there is limited information available regarding their application in aquaculture nutrition. This research evaluated the effects of diets enriched with Lactobacillus plantarum and Psidium guajava leaf meal on gut microflora, histomorphometry, water quality, and blood indices of juvenile Clarias gariepinus (initial weight: 7.48 ± 0.2 g) over an 84-day feeding trial. At the end of a-84 day feeding trial, fish samples were taken from seven treatment groups: C-Control experiment of basal diet of 42 % crude protein level, 40LPc (40 ×10⁵ ml L. plantarum per kg of feed), 60LPc (60 ×10⁵ ml L. plantarum per kg of feed), 80LPc (80 ×10⁵ ml L. plantarum per kg of feed), 40PGLM (40 g P. guajava per kg basal diet), 60PGLM (60 g P. guajava per kg basal diet) and 80PGLM (80 g P. guajava per kg basal diet) with three replicates. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the Enterobacteriaceae count between the control (4.3 ± 0.2) log₁₀cfu/g and other treatment groups. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the total viable count between 80PGLM (4.5 ± 0.2) log₁₀cfu/g and other treatment groups which included control, 80LPc (4.7 ± 0.2) log₁₀cfu/g and 60PGLM (4.8 ± 0.2) log₁₀cfu/g respectively. Diets containing 40PGLM showed the highest levels of Hb (hemoglobin) and RBC (red blood cell) (P < 0.05). Fish-fed diets containing 40LPc and 80 PGLM showed a significant increase in total protein (TP) and heterophils (Het) (P < 0.05). Lower AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) were also exhibited in the L. plantarum and P. guajava groups (P < 0.05). The highest villi height (93.6 ± 0.0 µm), villi width (31.5 ± 0.01 µm) and cryptal depth (30.5 ± 0.0 µm) were observed in 40LPc treatment group (P < 0.05). Increase in the proliferation of Enterobacteriaceae in C. gariepinus juveniles fed dietary L. plantarum enhanced the growth of beneficial bacteria in fish gut. According to these results, a diet containing 40 LPC is suitable for feeding C. gariepinus.

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饲粮中添加植物乳杆菌和番石榴对加利平Clarias gariepinus幼鱼肠道菌群、肠道形态及血液生化分析的影响

在鱼饲料中引入益生菌和植物性益生菌是降低生产成本和提高利润率的有效策略。然而，关于它们在水产养殖营养中的应用的资料有限。本研究通过84 d的饲养试验，研究了添加植物乳杆菌和瓜石榴叶粕的饲料对初始体重为7.48 ± 0.2 g的鸡尾克拉马幼鱼（Clarias gariepinus）肠道菌群、组织形态学、水质和血液指标的影响。在a-84 d饲喂结束时，选取7个处理组：c -对照试验，基础饲粮粗蛋白质水平为42 %，40 lpc（40 ×105 ml L）。每公斤饲料的植物量),60LPc(60 ×105 ml L。每公斤饲料的植物量),80LPc(80 ×105 ml L。每公斤饲料的植物量),40 pglm(40 g P。每公斤基础日粮瓜石榴粉),60 pglm(60 g P。每公斤基础日粮瓜石榴粉)和80PGLM(80 g P。瓜石榴（每kg基础日粮），设3个重复。对照组肠杆菌科菌数（4.3 ± 0.2）log10cfu/g与其他处理组比较，差异有统计学意义（P <； 0.05）。80PGLM总活菌数（4.5 ± 0.2）log10cfu/g与对照组、80LPc(4.7 ± 0.2)log10cfu/g和60PGLM(4.8 ± 0.2)log10cfu/g差异有统计学意义（P <； 0.05）。添加40PGLM的饲粮中Hb（血红蛋白）和RBC（红细胞）水平最高（P <； 0.05）。饲料中添加40LPc和80 PGLM显著提高了鱼的总蛋白（TP）和嗜杂蛋白（Het）（P <； 0.05）。甘草组和瓜石榴组的AST（天冬氨酸转氨酶）、ALP（碱性磷酸酶）和ALT（丙氨酸转氨酶）均显著降低（P <； 0.05）。最高的绒毛高度(93.6 ±0.0  µm),绒毛宽度(31.5 ±0.01  µm)和cryptal深度(30.5 ±0.0  µm)在40 lpc的观察治疗组(P & lt; 0.05)。饲粮中添加L. plantarum可促进鱼肠道有益菌的生长，从而增加了鱼体内肠杆菌科细菌的增殖。综上所述，饲粮中LPC的含量为40，适宜饲养加里滨棘鱼。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.