Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of graphene-reinforced materials for crowns and bridges: A systematic review and meta-analysis with emphasis on ceramics

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.021

Anes Adnan Alshamaa , Ibrahim Hamad Alfahdawi , Mohamed Abdulmunem Abdulateef , Abdulkhaleq Mohammed Qaraghuli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of graphene-reinforced materials, especially ceramics for dental crowns and bridges. Its goal was to synthesize the available evidence and highlight areas needed for future research.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, following the PRISMA guidelines. Eight in vitro studies were included which assessed biocompatibility and mechanical performance, such as flexural strength, compressive strength, and hardness. The QUIN tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and random-effects models were used for the meta-analysis.

Results

Graphene reinforcement significantly improved mechanical properties, with flexural strength increasing by ∼100 MPa in some ceramic systems (SMD: 1.26, 95 % CI: −0.20, 2.72) and hardness showing significant enhancement (SMD: 1.69, 95 % CI: 0.45, 2.94). Graphene oxide (GO) demonstrated antibacterial efficacy (SMD: 2.37, 95 % CI: 1.77, 2.97). Biocompatibility results were promising but limited by limited reporting. Variability in graphene type, concentration, and processing methods influenced outcomes.

Conclusion

Graphene-reinforced ceramics have superior mechanical characteristics and are potentially biocompatible, which solves some of the primary issues with existing dental materials. However, standardization of methodologies, long-term clinical validation, and optimization of graphene integration are essential for clinical translation.

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石墨烯增强冠桥材料的力学性能和生物相容性：以陶瓷为重点的系统综述和荟萃分析

目的对石墨烯增强材料的力学特性和生物相容性进行系统综述和荟萃分析。其目标是综合现有证据，突出未来研究需要的领域。方法按照PRISMA指南，在PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、b谷歌Scholar等网站进行系统检索。8项体外研究评估了生物相容性和机械性能，如抗弯强度、抗压强度和硬度。使用QUIN工具评估偏倚风险，并使用随机效应模型进行meta分析。结果石墨烯增强显著改善了陶瓷体系的力学性能，某些陶瓷体系的抗弯强度提高了~ 100 MPa (SMD: 1.26, 95% CI: - 0.20, 2.72)，硬度显著提高（SMD: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.45, 2.94）。氧化石墨烯（GO）具有抗菌效果（SMD: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.77, 2.97）。生物相容性结果是有希望的，但由于报道有限而受到限制。石墨烯类型、浓度和处理方法的可变性影响了结果。结论石墨烯增强陶瓷具有良好的力学性能和潜在的生物相容性，解决了现有牙科材料的一些主要问题。然而，方法的标准化、长期临床验证和石墨烯集成的优化对于临床转化至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Medicine-Otorhinolaryngology

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

133

审稿时长

167 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research (JOBCR)is the official journal of the Craniofacial Research Foundation (CRF). The journal aims to provide a common platform for both clinical and translational research and to promote interdisciplinary sciences in craniofacial region. JOBCR publishes content that includes diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the mouth and jaws and face region; diagnosis and medical management of diseases specific to the orofacial tissues and of oral manifestations of systemic diseases; studies on identifying populations at risk of oral disease or in need of specific care, and comparing regional, environmental, social, and access similarities and differences in dental care between populations; diseases of the mouth and related structures like salivary glands, temporomandibular joints, facial muscles and perioral skin; biomedical engineering, tissue engineering and stem cells. The journal publishes reviews, commentaries, peer-reviewed original research articles, short communication, and case reports.