Toxicity and photoprotective properties of mycosporine-like amino acids from the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.algal.2025.104326

Vanessa Geraldes , Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius , Larissa Souza Passos , Marli Fátima Fiore , Erick Leite Bastos , Ernani Pinto

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Natural pigments and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) derived from cyanobacteria and marine algae are emerging as promising candidates for biocompatible and eco-friendly sunscreens. In this study, three MAAs - mycosporine-glycine-alanine (MGA), shinorine, and porphyra-334 - were isolated from fresh cultures of the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae (ITEP-024 strain) using semi-preparative HPLC-DAD and characterized by LC-HRMS-QTOF. Cytotoxicity assays confirmed that pure MAAs (0.5 to 5 μM in water) were non-toxic to human dermal fibroblast (HDFa) cells. Although S. torques-reginae naturally produces MAAs, their biosynthesis is significantly upregulated under ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. Among the tested compounds, shinorine provided superior protection against UV-B-induced photodamage compared to benzophenone, a commonly used chemical sunscreen. These findings highlight the potential of MAAs from S. torques-reginae as safer and more effective natural alternatives to conventional sunscreens, offering enhanced photoprotection with reduced environmental impact.

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球形蓝藻中真菌孢素样氨基酸的毒性和光保护特性

从蓝藻和海藻中提取的天然色素和真菌孢素样氨基酸（MAAs）正成为生物相容性和生态友好型防晒霜的有希望的候选物质。本研究利用半制备HPLC-DAD技术从鲜培养的褐藻Sphaerospermopsis torquesreginae （ITEP-024菌株）中分离到3个MAAs - mycosporine-glycine-alanine （MGA）、shinorine和porphyra-334，并用LC-HRMS-QTOF对其进行了表征。细胞毒性实验证实，纯MAAs （0.5 ~ 5 μM水中）对人真皮成纤维细胞（HDFa）无毒性。虽然S. torques-reginae自然产生MAAs，但它们的生物合成在紫外线（UV）照射下显着上调。在所测试的化合物中，与二苯甲酮（一种常用的化学防晒霜）相比，shinorine对uv - b诱导的光损伤提供了更好的保护。这些发现突出了S. torque -reginae的MAAs作为传统防晒霜更安全、更有效的天然替代品的潜力，在减少环境影响的同时提供增强的光防护。

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来源期刊

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

7.80%

发文量

332

期刊介绍： Algal Research is an international phycology journal covering all areas of emerging technologies in algae biology, biomass production, cultivation, harvesting, extraction, bioproducts, biorefinery, engineering, and econometrics. Algae is defined to include cyanobacteria, microalgae, and protists and symbionts of interest in biotechnology. The journal publishes original research and reviews for the following scope: algal biology, including but not exclusive to: phylogeny, biodiversity, molecular traits, metabolic regulation, and genetic engineering, algal cultivation, e.g. phototrophic systems, heterotrophic systems, and mixotrophic systems, algal harvesting and extraction systems, biotechnology to convert algal biomass and components into biofuels and bioproducts, e.g., nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, animal feed, plastics, etc. algal products and their economic assessment