Marine Algal Metabolites as Cellular Antioxidants: A Study of Caulerpin and Caulerpinic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Marine Drugs Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI:10.3390/md23090338

Graziana Assalve, Paola Lunetti, Annalisa Fai, Antonio Terlizzi, Vincenzo Zara, Alessandra Ferramosca

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to numerous chronic diseases. Marine green algae of the Caulerpa genus are rich in bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the intracellular antioxidant effects of caulerpin (CAU) and its derivative caulerpinic acid (CA) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model.

Methods: Yeast cells were pretreated with 1 μM of CAU or CA, or with 1 μM of resveratrol (RESV) as a positive control, then exposed to 2 mM of H₂O₂. Growth, ROS levels, oxidative damage markers, and antioxidant defenses were assessed.

Results: Both CAU and CA significantly improved cell survival under oxidative stress, restoring growth rates (CAU: 0.129 h^-1, CA: 0.137 h^-1) and doubling times (CAU: 5.38 h, CA: 5.07 h) close to control values. Intracellular ROS accumulation, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation were reduced to near-baseline levels. While catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (Sod) activity remained unchanged, CAU and CA elevated intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels (1.6-1.8 fold) and preserved glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, compared to stressed cells without antioxidant pretreatment.

Conclusions: CAU and CA act as effective intracellular antioxidants, primarily via ROS scavenging and GSH-dependent pathways. These findings support their potential as natural candidates for developing antioxidant-based therapies against ROS-related disorders.

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海洋藻类代谢物作为细胞抗氧化剂：酿酒酵母中茎木素和茎木素酸的研究。

过多的活性氧（ROS）引起的氧化应激是许多慢性疾病的重要诱因。茎藻属海洋绿藻含有丰富的生物活性化合物，具有潜在的抗氧化活性。目的：以酿酒酵母为真核生物模型，研究茎木素（CAU）及其衍生物茎木素酸（CA）的细胞内抗氧化作用。方法：用1 μM CAU或CA或1 μM RESV（白藜芦醇）作为阳性对照预处理酵母细胞，然后暴露于2 mM的H2O2中。评估生长、ROS水平、氧化损伤标志物和抗氧化防御能力。结果：CAU和CA均能显著提高氧化应激下细胞的存活率，使细胞的生长速率（CAU: 0.129 h-1, CA: 0.137 h-1）恢复到接近对照组的两倍（CAU: 5.38 h, CA: 5.07 h）。细胞内ROS积累、蛋白质羰基化和脂质过氧化降低到接近基线水平。在过氧化氢酶（Cat）和超氧化物歧化酶（Sod）活性保持不变的情况下，与未进行抗氧化预处理的应激细胞相比，CAU和CA使细胞内谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平和保存的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性提高了1.6-1.8倍。结论：CAU和CA是有效的细胞内抗氧化剂，主要通过清除ROS和gsh依赖途径。这些发现支持了它们作为开发抗氧化剂治疗ros相关疾病的天然候选物的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Marine Drugs 医学-医药化学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

14.80%

发文量

671

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on the research, development and production of drugs from the sea. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible, particularly synthetic procedures and characterization information for bioactive compounds. There is no restriction on the length of the experimental section.