Angela Muscettola, Martino Belvederi Murri, Michele Specchia, Giovanni Antonio De Bellis, Chiara Montemitro, Federica Sancassiani, Alessandra Perra, Barbara Zaccagnino, Anna Francesca Olivetti, Guido Sciavicco, Rosangela Caruso, Luigi Grassi, Maria Giulia Nanni
{"title":"Development and Piloting of Co.Ge.: A Web-Based Digital Platform for Generative and Clinical Cognitive Assessment.","authors":"Angela Muscettola, Martino Belvederi Murri, Michele Specchia, Giovanni Antonio De Bellis, Chiara Montemitro, Federica Sancassiani, Alessandra Perra, Barbara Zaccagnino, Anna Francesca Olivetti, Guido Sciavicco, Rosangela Caruso, Luigi Grassi, Maria Giulia Nanni","doi":"10.3390/jpm15090423","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study presents Co.Ge. a Cognitive Generative digital platform for cognitive testing. We describe its architecture and report a pilot study. <b>Methods</b>: Co.Ge. is modular and web-based (Laravel-PHP, MySQL). It can be used to administer a variety of validated cognitive tests, facilitating administration and scoring while capturing Reaction Times (RTs), trial-level responses, audio, and other data. Co.Ge. includes a study-management dashboard, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for external integration, encryption, and customizable options. In this demonstrative pilot study, clinical and non-clinical participants completed an Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), which we analyzed using accuracy, number of recalled words, and reaction times as outcomes. We collected ratings of user experience with a standardized rating scale. Analyses included Frequentist and Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). <b>Results</b>: Mean ratings of user experience were all above 4/5, indicating high acceptability (<i>n</i> = 30). Pilot data from AVLT (<i>n</i> = 123, 60% clinical, 40% healthy) showed that Co.Ge. seamlessly provides standardized clinical ratings, accuracy, and RTs. Analyzing RTs with Bayesian GLMMs and Gamma distribution provided the best fit to data (Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation) and allowed to detect additional associations (e.g., education) otherwise unrecognized using simpler analyses. <b>Conclusions</b>: The prototype of Co.Ge. is technically robust and clinically precise, enabling the extraction of high-resolution behavioral data. Co.Ge. provides traditional clinical-oriented cognitive outcomes but also promotes complex generative models to explore individualized mechanisms of cognition. Thus, it will promote personalized profiling and digital phenotyping for precision psychiatry and rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12470922/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15090423","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study presents Co.Ge. a Cognitive Generative digital platform for cognitive testing. We describe its architecture and report a pilot study. Methods: Co.Ge. is modular and web-based (Laravel-PHP, MySQL). It can be used to administer a variety of validated cognitive tests, facilitating administration and scoring while capturing Reaction Times (RTs), trial-level responses, audio, and other data. Co.Ge. includes a study-management dashboard, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for external integration, encryption, and customizable options. In this demonstrative pilot study, clinical and non-clinical participants completed an Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), which we analyzed using accuracy, number of recalled words, and reaction times as outcomes. We collected ratings of user experience with a standardized rating scale. Analyses included Frequentist and Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). Results: Mean ratings of user experience were all above 4/5, indicating high acceptability (n = 30). Pilot data from AVLT (n = 123, 60% clinical, 40% healthy) showed that Co.Ge. seamlessly provides standardized clinical ratings, accuracy, and RTs. Analyzing RTs with Bayesian GLMMs and Gamma distribution provided the best fit to data (Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation) and allowed to detect additional associations (e.g., education) otherwise unrecognized using simpler analyses. Conclusions: The prototype of Co.Ge. is technically robust and clinically precise, enabling the extraction of high-resolution behavioral data. Co.Ge. provides traditional clinical-oriented cognitive outcomes but also promotes complex generative models to explore individualized mechanisms of cognition. Thus, it will promote personalized profiling and digital phenotyping for precision psychiatry and rehabilitation.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM; ISSN 2075-4426) is an international, open access journal aimed at bringing all aspects of personalized medicine to one platform. JPM publishes cutting edge, innovative preclinical and translational scientific research and technologies related to personalized medicine (e.g., pharmacogenomics/proteomics, systems biology). JPM recognizes that personalized medicine—the assessment of genetic, environmental and host factors that cause variability of individuals—is a challenging, transdisciplinary topic that requires discussions from a range of experts. For a comprehensive perspective of personalized medicine, JPM aims to integrate expertise from the molecular and translational sciences, therapeutics and diagnostics, as well as discussions of regulatory, social, ethical and policy aspects. We provide a forum to bring together academic and clinical researchers, biotechnology, diagnostic and pharmaceutical companies, health professionals, regulatory and ethical experts, and government and regulatory authorities.