Genotyping HPV 16 and 18 in oral and oropharyngeal cancer: uncovering HIV as a key risk factor in a Ugandan cohort.

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Infectious Agents and Cancer Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1186/s13027-025-00691-x

Annah Margret Biira, Christopher Kintu, Eriab Nkamba, Adriane Kamulegeya, Muwazi Louis, Michael Odida

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Human Papillomavirus has been associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), involving several risk factors in different parts of the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV 16 and HPV 18, and factors associated with this prevalence, among patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who attended Mulago Hospital, Uganda, from 2010 to 2015.

Methods: This was a retrospective study in which 174 tissue blocks from individual patients, with confirmed oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, were retrieved from the archives. The corresponding medical charts of the patients were reviewed for demographic and clinical data. HE stained sections of the tissue blocks were reviewed for reconfirmation of OSCC& OPSCC. The samples were genotyped for HPV 16, 18 using Multiplex PCR techniques. The data was analysed using R.

Results: All 174 samples were confirmed positive for OSCC & OPSCC. HPV DNA was positive in 128 individuals (74%), 46 tested negative. HPV 16 alone occurred in 55 (32%) subjects and HPV 18 alone occurred in 37 (21%). Double infection was present in 36 individuals (21%). HIV was the only risk factor significantly associated with HPV 16 on OSCC& OPSCC (p = 0.018).

Conclusions: Overall, HPV 16 and 18 are key etiological factors in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma pathogenesis in the Ugandan population, with a high prevalence. The results suggest that HIV positive individuals are at a higher risk of acquiring HPV 16 associated OPSCC. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are not factors associated with HPV associated OPSCC in this study population.

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HPV 16和18在口腔癌和口咽癌中的基因分型：在乌干达队列中发现HIV是一个关键的危险因素。

背景：人乳头瘤病毒与口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）和口咽鳞状细胞癌（OPSCC）有关，涉及世界不同地区的几个危险因素。本研究旨在确定2010年至2015年在乌干达穆拉戈医院就诊的口腔和口咽鳞状细胞癌患者中高危HPV 16和HPV 18的患病率以及与此患病率相关的因素。方法：这是一项回顾性研究，从档案中检索了174例来自确诊口腔和口咽鳞状细胞癌的个体患者的组织块。对患者相应的医疗图表进行人口学和临床资料的回顾。检查组织块的HE染色切片以再次确认oscc和OPSCC。使用多重PCR技术对样本进行HPV 16、18型基因分型。结果：174份标本均为OSCC和OPSCC阳性。128人（74%）HPV DNA呈阳性，46人呈阴性。单独发生HPV 16的有55例（32%），单独发生HPV 18的有37例（21%）。36例（21%）存在双重感染。在oscc和OPSCC中，HIV是唯一与HPV 16显著相关的危险因素（p = 0.018）。结论：总体而言，HPV 16和18是乌干达人群口腔和口咽鳞状细胞癌发病的关键病因，患病率高。结果表明，HIV阳性个体获得HPV 16相关OPSCC的风险更高。在本研究人群中，饮酒和吸烟不是与HPV相关的OPSCC相关的因素。

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来源期刊

Infectious Agents and Cancer ONCOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infectious Agents and Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of basic, clinical, epidemiological and translational research providing an insight into the association between chronic infections and cancer. The journal welcomes submissions in the pathogen-related cancer areas and other related topics, in particular: • HPV and anogenital cancers, as well as head and neck cancers; • EBV and Burkitt lymphoma; • HCV/HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as lymphoproliferative diseases; • HHV8 and Kaposi sarcoma; • HTLV and leukemia; • Cancers in Low- and Middle-income countries. The link between infection and cancer has become well established over the past 50 years, and infection-associated cancer contribute up to 16% of cancers in developed countries and 33% in less developed countries. Preventive vaccines have been developed for only two cancer-causing viruses, highlighting both the opportunity to prevent infection-associated cancers by vaccination and the gaps that remain before vaccines can be developed for other cancer-causing agents. These gaps are due to incomplete understanding of the basic biology, natural history, epidemiology of many of the pathogens that cause cancer, the mechanisms they exploit to cause cancer, and how to interrupt progression to cancer in human populations. Early diagnosis or identification of lesions at high risk of progression represent the current most critical research area of the field supported by recent advances in genomics and proteomics technologies.