Astrocytes in Fear Memory Processing: Molecular Mechanisms Across the Amygdala-Hippocampus-Prefrontal Cortex Network.

IF 5.2 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI:10.3390/cells14181444
Young-Rae Kim, Moonhyung Lee, Man S Kim
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fear memory is a critical adaptive process that enables organisms to avoid potential threats and survive in complex environments. Traditionally viewed as a neuronal phenomenon, emerging evidence has demonstrated that astrocytes play a fundamental role in fear memory acquisition, consolidation, extinction, and retrieval across the distributed neural network encompassing the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. This review presents recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which astrocytes modulate fear memory processing within the tripartite circuit. We examine how astrocytes contribute to synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter regulation, metabolic support, and intercellular communication during the different phases of fear memory processing. Particular emphasis is placed on the region-specific functions of astrocytes, their dynamic interactions with neurons, and their therapeutic implications for treating fear-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorders. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including spatial transcriptomics, optogenetics, and chemogenetics, has revealed sophisticated astrocyte-neuron communication mechanisms that challenge the traditional neuron-centric view of memory processing.

星形胶质细胞在恐惧记忆加工中的作用:杏仁核-海马体-前额皮质网络的分子机制。
恐惧记忆是一个关键的适应过程,它使生物体能够避免潜在的威胁,并在复杂的环境中生存。传统上,星形胶质细胞被认为是一种神经元现象,新出现的证据表明,星形胶质细胞在包括杏仁核、海马体和前额皮质的分布式神经网络中,在恐惧记忆的获取、巩固、消失和检索中起着重要作用。本文综述了星形胶质细胞在三边神经回路中调节恐惧记忆加工的分子机制的最新进展。我们研究了星形胶质细胞如何在恐惧记忆加工的不同阶段促进突触可塑性、神经递质调节、代谢支持和细胞间通讯。特别强调星形胶质细胞的区域特异性功能,它们与神经元的动态相互作用,以及它们对治疗创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和焦虑症等恐惧相关疾病的治疗意义。包括空间转录组学、光遗传学和化学遗传学在内的尖端技术的整合,揭示了复杂的星形细胞-神经元通信机制,挑战了传统的以神经元为中心的记忆处理观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Cells
Cells Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
5.00%
发文量
3472
审稿时长
16 days
期刊介绍: Cells (ISSN 2073-4409) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to cell biology, molecular biology and biophysics. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.
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