Relación entre genotipo y carga viral de virus del papiloma humano y la gravedad de presentación de la papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente en niños.

Abstract

Background: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a condition that occurs mainly in the pediatric population with a rate of 3.62 to 4.3 per 100,000 children. The most common clinical manifestation is dysphonia; however, the disease can progress to more severe forms, generating serious obstruction of the airway.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which patients diagnosed with laryngeal papillomatosis confirmed by histopathological analysis and polymerase chain reaction were included. The genotype of the virus and its viral load were determined through a search in the clinical records, and the clinical and genetic variables of each case were captured through a structured form.

Results: A total of 32 patients were enrolled, of which the prevalence of genotype 6 was found in 41% and the same prevalence in the case of genotype 11, with a percentage of coinfection with both subtypes of 18%. Genotype 11 was found to be associated with a greater number of resections (p = 0.004), a higher score on the Derkay scale (p = 0.02) and greater severity when presenting ≥ 4 surgeries per year and/or ≥ 10 total surgeries (p = 0.04).

Conclusions: Human papillomavirus genotype 11 showed a greater association with the presentation of greater severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in pediatric patients; therefore, this population is more susceptible to a poor outcome (which increases the demand for medical services), as well as impact on the quality of life of minors.