Clinical and dermoscopic findings of classic-type nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis in an adolescent. Case report.

Abstract

Background: Nevus Lipomatosus Cutaneous Superficialis (NLCS) is a rare benign tumor characterized by the presence of ectopic adipocytes distributed among the collagen bundles in the dermis. Dermoscopy of this lesion has been poorly documented, but it aids in diagnosis.

Clinical case: A female patient, 11 years and 5 months old, presented with lesions in the lumbar region that had gradually increased in size and number since birth. In September 2023, she was evaluated at CMN La Raza, where a lesion in the lumbar region was observed, consisting of a linear plaque measuring 30 × 15 mm in diameter, composed of multiple skin-colored papules and nodules that coalesced. Dermoscopy revealed a cerebriform surface, a web-like pigment network, and the presence of yellowish structureless areas. Histopathology showed a proliferation of mature adipocytes in the reticular and papillary dermis. The adipocytes were located perianexally, perivascularly, and dispersed among the collagen bundles. An increase in the density of collagen bundles was observed. The diagnosis was NLCS. The lesion was completely excised without recurrence.

Conclusions: The condition may be underdiagnosed due to a lack of medical familiarity. Dermoscopy facilitates a more accurate diagnosis. An increased number of reports will contribute to the creation of a database for future studies and potential associations.