Training and utilisation of volunteers to bolster neurodevelopmental care in paediatric cardiology inpatient units.

Abstract

Background: Children with CHD are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. Modifiable risk factors associated with hospitalisation that could impact neurodevelopment include being left alone for long periods of time with minimal interaction or opportunity to engage in developmentally appropriate play. Volunteers are an underutilised resource to help the medical team and families support neurodevelopment in cardiac care. Our Cardiac Inpatient Neurodevelopmental Care Optimization or CINCO team aimed to develop a volunteer programme specific to paediatric cardiac inpatient units.

Methods: CINCO volunteers were recruited from the hospital volunteer pool and, in 2022, partnered with the University of Colorado to recruit health profession-interested students from under-represented backgrounds. All underwent hospital volunteer orientation and CINCO-specific training with cardiac child life, including education and shadowing. Volunteers completed an activity log and provided qualitative feedback.

Results: Between September 2021 and October 2024, 43 volunteers were onboarded and worked a total of 754 shifts. There were 2310 patient interactions, with an average of 3 patients seen per shift. Volunteers held patients 1231 times, played with patients 1230 times, and read to patients 780 times.

Conclusions: A dedicated cardiac volunteer programme is a feasible, low-cost, and low-risk way to enhance neurodevelopmental care for inpatient children with CHD. When parents or caregivers are not present, volunteers participate as therapy extenders and may offset the care burden for nurses. Furthermore, allowing parents breaks may support their mental health, and increasing neurodevelopmental stimulation through volunteer interactions may mitigate disadvantageous aspects of a hospitalisation for neurodevelopment.