Air Quality Field Measurements in Las Vegas: Ozone Formation and Its Sensitivity to NOx and VOCs

IF 3.4 2区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
C. Warneke, C. E. Stockwell, J. Peischl, J. B. Gilman, A. Lamplugh, L. Xu, K. Zuraski, S. S. Brown, S. Baidar, R. Marchbanks, W. A. Brewer, M. Li, B. McDonald, M. M. Coggon
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Abstract

Las Vegas, Nevada is an urban center in the southwest US where the population is rapidly growing. In Las Vegas, surrounded by the Mojave Desert, biogenic emissions are low, but anthropogenic emissions, especially along the Las Vegas Strip, are a large source of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and nitrogen oxides (NO + NO2 = NOx) from volatile chemical products, cooking, and fossil fuel usage. This makes Las Vegas an ideal place to study anthropogenic VOC emissions and oxidation in the absence of a strong biogenic signal. The urban air quality in Las Vegas was measured at a stationary site and with a mobile laboratory. Biogenic VOC influence, VOC enhancement ratios, and weekday-weekend effects were evaluated. An Eulerian box model was constructed to evaluate the chemical processes impacting air quality in Las Vegas. The model showed that the daily ozone (O3) enhancement, taken as the maximum O3 produced midday above background, was approximately 30 ppb. The O3 sensitivities to VOCs and NOx showed that reductions in both would reduce O3 production. Reducing NOx or VOCs by half would reduce O3 by 10.5 and 11.5 ppb, respectively. Reducing both NOx and VOCs together would decrease O3 by 15 ppb. The O3 contribution from biogenic VOCs was ∼3.5 ppb, which is about 10% of the total produced O3. This differs from other regions of the US, such as New York or Los Angeles, where biogenic VOCs contribute significantly to urban ozone.

Abstract Image

拉斯维加斯的空气质量现场测量:臭氧的形成及其对氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物的敏感性
内华达州的拉斯维加斯是美国西南部的一个城市中心,人口正在迅速增长。在被莫哈韦沙漠环绕的拉斯维加斯,生物源排放很低,但人为排放,特别是拉斯维加斯大道沿线,是挥发性有机化合物(VOC)和氮氧化物(NO + NO2 = NOx)的主要来源,这些排放来自挥发性化学产品、烹饪和化石燃料的使用。这使得拉斯维加斯成为一个理想的地方,研究人为挥发性有机化合物的排放和氧化,在没有强烈的生物信号。拉斯维加斯的城市空气质量是在一个固定的地点和一个移动实验室测量的。评估了生物源性VOC影响、VOC增强比率和工作日至周末的影响。建立欧拉箱模型来评价化学过程对拉斯维加斯空气质量的影响。该模式显示,以正午高于背景产生的最大臭氧为例,每日臭氧(O3)增强约为30 ppb。O3对VOCs和NOx的敏感性表明,两者的减少都会减少O3的产生。将NOx或VOCs减少一半将分别减少10.5和11.5 ppb的O3。同时减少NOx和VOCs将使O3减少15 ppb。来自生物源性VOCs的O3贡献为~ 3.5 ppb,约占总产生O3的10%。这与美国其他地区不同,如纽约或洛杉矶,生物源性挥发性有机化合物对城市臭氧的贡献很大。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
684
期刊介绍: JGR: Atmospheres publishes articles that advance and improve understanding of atmospheric properties and processes, including the interaction of the atmosphere with other components of the Earth system.
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