Bipolar nanofluidic channel: from rectifier to capacitor

IF 4.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Acta Mechanica Sinica Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI:10.1007/s10409-025-25161-x

Baobei Li (, ), Guanghua Du (, ), Hu Zhang (, ), Jinlong Guo (, ), Wenjing Liu (, ), Can Zhao (, ), Ruqun Wu (, ), Wenchang Zhou (, ), Huijun Yao (, ), Hongjin Mou (, ), Cheng Shen (, ), Chenyu Li (, ), Muhammad Jahangeer, Linyan Fu (, )

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Abstract

A systematic understanding of the mechanism in the rectification and capacitance of nanochannels and their regulation with the electrolyte concentration and electrical bias is pivotal for its wide applications to nanofluidic electronics, ion separation, energy storage, and molecule sensing. Single unipolar and bipolar cylindrical nanochannels through polymer film were fabricated using single ion bombardment and track etching. Cyclic voltammetry results show that the bipolar nanochannel switches from rectification to capacitance as the electrolyte concentration decreases. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the capacitive impedance fraction in the bipolar nanochannel is regulated by electrolyte concentration and voltage. The switch from rectification to capacitance in the polymer nanochannel is well explained through a fluidic p-n junction model with a variable ion depletion layer regulated by the applied bias voltage, which is supported by the multi-physics simulation using Poisson-Nernst-Planck and Navier-Stokes solution. This work provides a mechanistic insight into the ionic current rectification and ionic capacitance in complex ionic nanochannels and paves the way for biomimetic nanofluidic electronics design.

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双极纳米流体通道：从整流器到电容器

系统地了解纳米通道的整流和电容及其随电解质浓度和电偏压的调节机制，对于其在纳米流体电子学、离子分离、储能和分子传感等领域的广泛应用至关重要。采用单离子轰击和径迹刻蚀技术制备了单极和双极圆柱形纳米通道。循环伏安法结果表明，随着电解液浓度的降低，双极纳米通道由整流转变为电容。电化学阻抗谱分析表明，双极纳米通道的电容阻抗分数受电解液浓度和电压的调节。聚合物纳米通道中从整流到电容的转换通过一个流体p-n结模型得到了很好的解释，该模型具有由施加的偏置电压调节的可变离子耗尽层，并得到了泊松-能斯特-普朗克和纳维-斯托克斯溶液的多物理场模拟的支持。这项工作提供了复杂离子纳米通道中离子电流整流和离子电容的机理见解，为仿生纳米流体电子学设计铺平了道路。

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来源期刊

Acta Mechanica Sinica 物理-工程：机械

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

1807

审稿时长

4 months

期刊介绍： Acta Mechanica Sinica, sponsored by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, promotes scientific exchanges and collaboration among Chinese scientists in China and abroad. It features high quality, original papers in all aspects of mechanics and mechanical sciences. Not only does the journal explore the classical subdivisions of theoretical and applied mechanics such as solid and fluid mechanics, it also explores recently emerging areas such as biomechanics and nanomechanics. In addition, the journal investigates analytical, computational, and experimental progresses in all areas of mechanics. Lastly, it encourages research in interdisciplinary subjects, serving as a bridge between mechanics and other branches of engineering and the sciences. In addition to research papers, Acta Mechanica Sinica publishes reviews, notes, experimental techniques, scientific events, and other special topics of interest. Related subjects » Classical Continuum Physics - Computational Intelligence and Complexity - Mechanics