Antibody Development Strategies for SFTSV: From Hybridoma to Emerging Technologies.

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY
Wanqing Lu, Yan Liu, Boyu Zhang, Zhuo Guan, Zheng Xuan, Lingkun Jin, Mingsheng Qu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the tick-borne SFTS virus (SFTSV), with a case fatality rate of 16.2-32.6% in East Asia. Currently, no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments exist. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy offers rapid immune protection and is a promising strategy against SFTSV. This review outlines advances in SFTSV neutralizing mAb research, covering conventional generation methods (hybridoma, phage display) and innovative approaches such as single B cell sequencing. We also introduce computational tools like artificial intelligence -assisted epitope prediction and in silico mAb design. Furthermore, we discuss the structure-function relationships of mAbs targeting Gn and Gc glycoproteins, their mechanisms (e.g., fusion inhibition, receptor blockade), and key functional attributes including breadth, potency, and cross-reactivity. Challenges such as limited epitope accessibility, immune interference, and antibody-dependent enhancement are highlighted. Finally, we propose a multipronged strategy integrating structure-guided engineering, high-throughput screening, and rigorous preclinical evaluation to accelerate the development of safe and effective SFTSV therapeutics.

SFTSV抗体开发策略:从杂交瘤到新兴技术。
发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)是由蜱传SFTS病毒(SFTSV)引起的一种新出现的人畜共患疾病,在东亚的病死率为16.2-32.6%。目前还没有批准的疫苗或抗病毒治疗方法。单克隆抗体(mAb)治疗提供了快速的免疫保护,是一种很有前景的治疗SFTSV的策略。本文综述了SFTSV中和单抗的研究进展,包括传统的产生方法(杂交瘤、噬菌体展示)和创新的方法,如单B细胞测序。我们还介绍了人工智能辅助表位预测和单抗设计等计算工具。此外,我们还讨论了靶向Gn和Gc糖蛋白的单克隆抗体的结构-功能关系,它们的机制(如融合抑制、受体阻断),以及包括宽度、效力和交叉反应性在内的关键功能属性。挑战,如有限的表位可及性,免疫干扰和抗体依赖性增强被强调。最后,我们提出了一种多管齐下的策略,将结构引导工程、高通量筛选和严格的临床前评估相结合,以加速开发安全有效的SFTSV治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Viral immunology
Viral immunology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Viral Immunology delivers cutting-edge peer-reviewed research on rare, emerging, and under-studied viruses, with special focus on analyzing mutual relationships between external viruses and internal immunity. Original research, reviews, and commentaries on relevant viruses are presented in clinical, translational, and basic science articles for researchers in multiple disciplines. Viral Immunology coverage includes: Human and animal viral immunology Research and development of viral vaccines, including field trials Immunological characterization of viral components Virus-based immunological diseases, including autoimmune syndromes Pathogenic mechanisms Viral diagnostics Tumor and cancer immunology with virus as the primary factor Viral immunology methods.
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