The relationships between sporadic and repetitive non-suicidal self-injury and mental disorders among first-year college students: results from the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative.
Penelope Hasking, Glenn Kiekens, Maria V Petukhova, Yesica Albor, Ahmad Al-Hadi, Jordi Alonso, Nouf Al-Saud, Yasmin Altwaijri, Claes Andersson, Lukoye Atwoli, Caroline Ayuya Muaka, Patricia Báez-Mansur, Laura Ballester, Jason Bantjes, Harald Baumeister, Marcus Bendtsen, Corina Benjet, Anne Berman, Ronny Bruffaerts, Paula Carrasco, Silver Chan, Irina Cohut, Maria Covarrubias Díaz Couder, Paula Cristóbal-Narvaez, Pim Cuijpers, Oana David, Dong Dong, David Ebert, Jorge Gaete, Carlos García Forero, Raúl Gutiérrez-García, Josep Haro, Xanthe Hunt, Petra Hurks, Mathilde Husky, Florence Jaguga, Leontien Jansen, Ana Jiménez-Pérez, Fanny Kählke, Elisabeth Klinkenberg, Álvaro Langer, Sue Lee, Rodrigo Antunes Lima, Yan Liu, Christine Lochner, Scarlett Mac-Ginty, Vania Martínez, Andre Mason, Margaret McLafferty, Tiana Mori, Elaine Murray, Catherine Musyoka, Caitalin Nedelcea, Daniel Núñez, Siobhan O'Neill, José Piqueras, Codruta Popescu, Charlene Rapsey, Kealagh Robinson, Miquel Roca, Tiscar Rodriguez-Jimenez, Elske Salemink, Nancy Sampson, Damian Scarf, Oi-Ling Siu, Dan Stein, Sascha Y Struijs, Cristina Tomoiaga, Karla Valdés-García, Claudia van der Heijde, Daniel Vigo, Wouter Voorspoels, Angel Wang, Samuel Wong, Matthew Nock, Ronald Kessler
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with mental disorders, yet work regarding the direction of this association is inconsistent. We examined the prevalence, comorbidity, time-order associations with mental disorders, and sex differences in sporadic and repetitive NSSI among emerging adults.
Methods: We used survey data from n = 72,288 first-year college students as part of the World Mental Health-International College Student Survey Initiative (WMH-ICS) to explore time-order associations between onset of NSSI and mental disorders, based on retrospective age-of-onset reports using discrete-time survival models. We distinguished between sporadic (1-5 lifetime episodes) and repetitive (≥6 lifetime episodes) NSSI in relation to DSM-5 mood, anxiety, and externalizing disorders.
Results: We estimated a lifetime NSSI rate of 24.5%, with approximately half reporting sporadic NSSI and half repetitive NSSI. The time-order associations between onset of NSSI and mental disorders were bidirectional, but mental disorders were stronger predictors of the onset of NSSI (median RR = 1.94) than vice versa (median RR = 1.58). These associations were stronger among individuals engaging in repetitive rather than sporadic NSSI. While associations between NSSI and mental disorders generally did not differ by sex, repetitive NSSI was a stronger predictor for the onset of subsequent substance use disorders among females compared to males. Most mental disorders marginally increased the risk for persistent repetitive NSSI (median RR = 1.23).
Conclusions: Our findings offer unique insights into the temporal order between NSSI and mental disorders. Further work exploring the mechanism underlying these associations will pave the way for early identification and intervention of both NSSI and mental disorders.
期刊介绍：
Now in its fifth decade of publication, Psychological Medicine is a leading international journal in the fields of psychiatry, related aspects of psychology and basic sciences. From 2014, there are 16 issues a year, each featuring original articles reporting key research being undertaken worldwide, together with shorter editorials by distinguished scholars and an important book review section. The journal''s success is clearly demonstrated by a consistently high impact factor.
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