Optical coherence tomography angiography characteristics of microvascular retinal alterations and the relationship with visual impairment in different patterns of retinitis pigmentosa.

IF 1.2 Q4 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI:10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-25-00088
Hsu-Hang Yeh, Chia-Yi Cheng, Ting-Chieh Ko, Chang-Hao Yang, Chung-May Yang, Pei-Lung Chen, Chao-Wen Lin, Teck Boon Tew, Ta-Ching Chen
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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate macular microvascular alterations using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in typical retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients with and without isolated macular lesions, and to assess their relationship with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 77 patients with typical RP from the Taiwan Inherited Retinal Degeneration Project, categorized into two groups: with isolated macular lesions (T+M, n = 44) and without (T, n = 33). Eighteen age-matched healthy individuals served as controls. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and OCTA imaging. Quantitative parameters-vessel density in superficial and deep retinal plexuses, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and outer retinal flow-were analyzed and correlated with BCVA.

Results: Both RP groups showed compromised macular microcirculation compared to controls. FAZ area was significantly larger in the T+M group than in controls (P = 0.01) and showed a trend toward enlargement compared to the T group (P = 0.06). BCVA was significantly worse in the T+M group than in the T group and controls (P = 0.002). In the T+M group, decreased vessel density in the deep plexus, enlarged FAZ, and reduced outer retinal flow were significantly correlated with poorer vision; these correlations were not observed in the T group.

Conclusion: Macular microvascular impairment is a common feature in typical RP, but its association with central visual loss is particularly pronounced in those with isolated macular lesions. OCTA parameters may serve as useful biomarkers for clinical monitoring and prognosis in this subgroup.

不同类型色素性视网膜炎视网膜微血管病变的光学相干断层血管造影特征及其与视力损害的关系。
目的:本研究的目的是利用光学相干断层扫描血管造影(OCTA)评估典型色素性视网膜炎(RP)患者的黄斑微血管改变,并评估其与最佳矫正视力(BCVA)的关系。材料与方法:本回顾性研究纳入台湾遗传性视网膜变性项目中77例典型RP患者,分为有孤立性黄斑病变组(T+M, n = 44)和无黄斑病变组(T, n = 33)。18名年龄匹配的健康个体作为对照。所有参与者都进行了全面的眼科检查和OCTA成像。分析定量参数视网膜浅丛和深丛血管密度、中央凹无血管区(FAZ)面积、视网膜外血流与BCVA的相关性。结果:与对照组相比,两组RP均显示黄斑微循环受损。T+M组FAZ面积显著大于对照组(P = 0.01),且呈增大趋势(P = 0.06)。T+M组BCVA明显低于T组和对照组(P = 0.002)。T+M组深神经丛血管密度降低、FAZ增大、视网膜外流减少与视力下降显著相关;在T组中没有观察到这些相关性。结论:黄斑微血管损害是典型RP的共同特征,但其与中枢性视力丧失的关系在孤立性黄斑病变中尤为明显。OCTA参数可作为该亚组临床监测和预后的有用生物标志物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
9.10%
发文量
68
审稿时长
19 weeks
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