Bishara Atiyeh, Edwin Chrabieh, Hazem Omaish, Rawad Chalhoub, Saif Emsieh
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Westernization of nasal features has long been presented as an essential framework for enhanced beauty. Whether surgery is meant to align one's appearance to Western ideals, or whether it should be considered a means of improvement within one's own culture and ethnicity, deserves serious consideration.
Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify reports on aesthetic preferences for ethnic nasal shape as they apply to aesthetic rhinoplasty.
Results: Identified reports confirmed that there is no universal ideal nasal morphology across cultures and ethnic groups. However, cognitive investigation of aesthetic preferences of non-White patients is very limited, and most reports provided a low level of evidence.
Conclusions: Variations in nasal features are morphological adaptive transformations pressured by evolution and natural selection. Their perception as positive beauty cues is also determined by evolution. Nasal profile preferences of various ethnic patients and the objectives of "ethnic rhinoplasty" are still poorly appreciated. Rather than being intended to correct existing features that deviate from the White "norm," for creating a racially congruent and aesthetically pleasing outcome, aesthetic rhinoplasty is better perceived as an improvement fitting within the specific cultural and ethnic background of each patient and within the context of mate preferences and cognitive averageness.
背景：鼻部特征的西化长期以来一直被认为是增强美丽的基本框架。手术是为了使一个人的外貌符合西方的理想，还是应该被视为一种改善自己文化和种族的手段，值得认真考虑。方法：对PubMed， Embase和Web of Science数据库进行系统的文献检索，以确定适用于鼻整形术的民族鼻型审美偏好的报告。结果：已确定的报告证实，在文化和种族群体中没有普遍的理想鼻形态。然而，对非白人患者审美偏好的认知调查非常有限，大多数报告提供了低水平的证据。结论：鼻特征的变化是在进化和自然选择的压力下发生的形态适应性转变。她们对美的积极暗示的感知也是由进化决定的。不同民族患者的鼻廓偏好和“民族鼻整形”的目的仍然不太清楚。而不是为了纠正现有的特征偏离白人的“规范”，创造一个种族一致和审美愉悦的结果，审美鼻整形术被更好地理解为一种改善，适合每个病人的特定文化和种族背景，在伴侣偏好和认知平均的背景下。
期刊介绍：
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Global Open is an open access, peer reviewed, international journal focusing on global plastic and reconstructive surgery.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Global Open publishes on all areas of plastic and reconstructive surgery, including basic science/experimental studies pertinent to the field and also clinical articles on such topics as: breast reconstruction, head and neck surgery, pediatric and craniofacial surgery, hand and microsurgery, wound healing, and cosmetic and aesthetic surgery. Clinical studies, experimental articles, ideas and innovations, and techniques and case reports are all welcome article types. Manuscript submission is open to all surgeons, researchers, and other health care providers world-wide who wish to communicate their research results on topics related to plastic and reconstructive surgery. Furthermore, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Global Open, a complimentary journal to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, provides an open access venue for the publication of those research studies sponsored by private and public funding agencies that require open access publication of study results. Its mission is to disseminate high quality, peer reviewed research in plastic and reconstructive surgery to the widest possible global audience, through an open access platform. As an open access journal, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Global Open offers its content for free to any viewer. Authors of articles retain their copyright to the materials published. Additionally, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Global Open provides rapid review and publication of accepted papers.
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