Combined quantitative and relative microbiome profiling reveals key salivary bacteriome shifts associated with periodontal health and different stages of periodontitis

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106125

Junlin He , Yefei Liu , Haohao Liu , Hui Liu , Mi Xu , Xiaoling Wei , Meihua Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To characterize the salivary microbiota in subjects with periodontal health (PH), stage I-II periodontitis (moderate periodontitis, MP), and stage III-IV periodontitis (severe periodontitis, SP) by integrating quantitative microbiome profiling (QMP) and relative microbiome profiling (RMP) approaches.

Methodology

This cross-sectional study involved the collection of 74 saliva samples, categorized into PH (n = 25), MP (n = 25), and SP (n = 24) groups, based on the 2018 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Samples were processed using absolute quantitative high-throughput sequencing technologies (Illumina NovaSeq). Alpha diversity, beta diversity, taxonomic shifts, bacterial types, and co-occurrence networks were compared across groups using QMP and RMP.

Results

Significant differences in microbial composition and microbial load were observed in the salivary microbiota across the PH, MP, and SP groups. With increasing periodontitis severity, salivary microbiota showed decreased alpha diversity but increased total abundance. Gram-negative anaerobic pathogens (e.g., Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Treponema, Fusobacterium) increased in both absolute and relative abundances. Conversely, aerobic and facultative anaerobic commensals (e.g., Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Rothia) showed increased absolute but decreased relative abundances. Additionally, co-occurrence networks constructed using QMP contained more species and connections compared to those constructed using RMP.

Conclusion

A strong association between increasing periodontitis severity and both elevated total microbial load and microbial dysbiosis, characterized by increased relative abundance of periodontal pathogens, was detected in the salivary microbiota. The combined QMP and RMP approach proved essential for capturing these complex microbial dynamics.

Clinical Relevance

Effective periodontitis management requires a dual approach: mechanical debridement to reduce microbial load and disrupt pathogenic ecological niches by decreasing pocket depth and inflammation, combined with targeted therapies to correct dysbiotic microbial communities and restore health-associated microbiota composition.

查看原文本刊更多论文

结合定量和相对微生物组分析揭示了与牙周健康和牙周炎不同阶段相关的关键唾液细菌组转移。

目的：通过整合定量微生物组谱（QMP）和相对微生物组谱（RMP）方法，表征牙周健康（PH）、I-II期牙周炎（中度牙周炎，MP）和III-IV期牙周炎（重度牙周炎，SP）受试者的唾液微生物群。方法：本横断面研究收集了74份唾液样本，根据2018年牙周和种植周疾病和状况分类，分为PH （n = 25）、MP （n = 25）和SP （n = 24）组。样品采用绝对定量高通量测序技术（Illumina NovaSeq）处理。使用QMP和RMP比较各组间的α多样性、β多样性、分类学变化、细菌类型和共发生网络。结果：在PH、MP和SP组中，唾液微生物群的微生物组成和微生物负荷存在显著差异。随着牙周炎严重程度的增加，唾液微生物群的α多样性减少，但总丰度增加。革兰氏阴性厌氧病原体（如卟啉单胞菌、普雷沃氏菌、密螺旋体、梭杆菌）的绝对丰度和相对丰度均有所增加。相反，好氧和兼性厌氧共生菌（如链球菌、嗜血杆菌、奈瑟菌、罗氏菌）的绝对丰度增加，但相对丰度下降。此外，使用QMP构建的共现网络比使用RMP构建的共现网络包含更多的物种和连接。结论：在唾液菌群中检测到牙周炎严重程度的增加与总微生物负荷升高和微生物生态失调之间有很强的相关性，其特征是牙周病原体的相对丰度增加。QMP和RMP相结合的方法对于捕获这些复杂的微生物动力学至关重要。临床相关性：有效的牙周炎管理需要双重方法：机械清创通过减少袋深和炎症来减少微生物负荷和破坏病原生态位，结合靶向治疗来纠正益生菌群落和恢复与健康相关的微生物群组成。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of dentistry 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

11.40%

发文量

349

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Dentistry has an open access mirror journal The Journal of Dentistry: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The Journal of Dentistry is the leading international dental journal within the field of Restorative Dentistry. Placing an emphasis on publishing novel and high-quality research papers, the Journal aims to influence the practice of dentistry at clinician, research, industry and policy-maker level on an international basis. Topics covered include the management of dental disease, periodontology, endodontology, operative dentistry, fixed and removable prosthodontics, dental biomaterials science, long-term clinical trials including epidemiology and oral health, technology transfer of new scientific instrumentation or procedures, as well as clinically relevant oral biology and translational research. The Journal of Dentistry will publish original scientific research papers including short communications. It is also interested in publishing review articles and leaders in themed areas which will be linked to new scientific research. Conference proceedings are also welcome and expressions of interest should be communicated to the Editor.