Predictors and Protective Factors of Mental Health Outcomes Among Indonesian Adolescents: An SCT-Based Multi-Center Study.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

International Journal of Social Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1177/00207640251372672

Rika Sarfika, I Made Moh Yanuar Saifudin, Anggi Lukman Wicaksana, Hema Malini, Bunga Permata Wenny, Atih Rahayuningsih, Nindy Eka Wijaya, Dewi Eka Putri, Khatijah Lim Abdullah

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Mental health issues among adolescents are a growing global concern, particularly in Southeast Asia. While the role of psychosocial factors in shaping mental health outcomes is widely acknowledged, there is limited understanding of the specific predictors and protective factors in Indonesia. This study applies Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to explore how individual, social, and environmental factors influence depression, anxiety, and stress among Indonesian adolescents.

Aims: To identify psychosocial predictors and protective factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Indonesian adolescents, to inform more targeted interventions.

Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2023, involving 2,984 adolescents from 19 public senior high schools in West Sumatra, Yogyakarta, and Central Kalimantan. Participants completed anonymous self-administered surveys, including eight validated instruments, including the PAQ-A, PPPS, IDASS-Y, RSES, MSPSS, ESSA, CYRM-R, and SIS. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to identify key factors.

Results: Gender was a significant predictor, with females exhibiting higher levels of depressive symptoms (β = .083, p < .001), anxiety (β = .179, p < .001), and stress (β = .171, p < .001). Peer pressure and academic stress were significant predictors of psychological distress (all p < .05). Higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were strongly associated with increased suicidal ideation (all p < .001). Protective factors such as self-esteem, resilience, social support, and physical activity were associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (all p < .05). The regression models explained 57.1% of the variance in depression, 42.8% in anxiety, and 46.3% in stress.

Conclusion: Gender, academic stress, and peer pressure were major predictors of mental distress, while self-esteem, resilience, and physical activity acted as protective factors. Interventions targeting these areas, grounded in SCT, are essential to improving adolescent mental health in Indonesia.

查看原文本刊更多论文

印度尼西亚青少年心理健康结果的预测因素和保护因素：一项基于sct的多中心研究。

背景：青少年心理健康问题日益成为全球关注的问题，特别是在东南亚。虽然社会心理因素在形成心理健康结果方面的作用得到广泛承认，但在印度尼西亚，对具体的预测因素和保护因素的了解有限。本研究运用社会认知理论（SCT）探讨个体、社会和环境因素如何影响印尼青少年的抑郁、焦虑和压力。目的：确定与印尼青少年抑郁、焦虑和压力相关的社会心理预测因素和保护因素，为更有针对性的干预提供信息。方法：采用多中心横断面研究方法，于2023年7月至10月对西苏门答腊、日惹和加里曼丹中部19所公立高中的2984名青少年进行研究。参与者完成了匿名自我管理的调查，包括8种有效的工具，包括PAQ-A、PPPS、IDASS-Y、RSES、MSPSS、ESSA、CYRM-R和SIS。使用描述性统计、Pearson相关性和分层多元回归分析来确定关键因素。结果：性别是显著的预测因子，女性表现出更高水平的抑郁症状(β =。结论：性别、学业压力和同伴压力是心理困扰的主要预测因素，自尊、心理弹性和体育锻炼是心理困扰的保护因素。以SCT为基础，针对这些领域的干预措施对于改善印度尼西亚的青少年心理健康至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Social Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

1.30%

发文量

120

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, established in 1954, is a leading publication dedicated to the field of social psychiatry. It serves as a platform for the exchange of research findings and discussions on the influence of social, environmental, and cultural factors on mental health and well-being. The journal is particularly relevant to psychiatrists and multidisciplinary professionals globally who are interested in understanding the broader context of psychiatric disorders and their impact on individuals and communities. Social psychiatry, as a discipline, focuses on the origins and outcomes of mental health issues within a social framework, recognizing the interplay between societal structures and individual mental health. The journal draws connections with related fields such as social anthropology, cultural psychiatry, and sociology, and is influenced by the latest developments in these areas. The journal also places a special emphasis on fast-track publication for brief communications, ensuring that timely and significant research can be disseminated quickly. Additionally, it strives to reflect its international readership by publishing state-of-the-art reviews from various regions around the world, showcasing the diverse practices and perspectives within the psychiatric disciplines. This approach not only contributes to the scientific understanding of social psychiatry but also supports the global exchange of knowledge and best practices in mental health care.