Bacterial vaginosis associated with high rates of sexually transmitted infections among South African adolescent girls and young women.

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1007/s15010-025-02649-y

Zizipho Z A Mbulawa, Sikhumbuzo A Mabunda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and it is highly prevalent among sub-Saharan African women. This study investigated the bacterial vaginosis (BV) prevalence, its effect on human papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Trachomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium and herpes simplex virus 1/2 (HSV1/2) prevalence and associated factors among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) of Eastern Cape province, South Africa.

Methods: A total of 212 participants were retrospectively recruited from an HPV educational intervention study in Eastern Cape province. This study used secondary data on BV, HPV, C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoea, T. vaginalis, M. genitalium and HSV1/2 and questionnaires. Associations between STIs, BV and other factors were assessed using GraphPad Prism version 8.

Results: A proportion of 83.0% (176/212) AGYW were infected with ≥ 1 STI(s), and 44.3% (94/212) had BV. BV-negatives had a significantly lower prevalence of having 3-4 STIs than BV-positives (Prevalence Ratio (PR): 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08-0.57, p = 0.001). Compared to BV-negative with a significant amount of Lactobacillus species, BV-positive AGYW were more likely to have C. trachomatis (PR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0-3.2, p = 0.028); T. vaginalis (PR: 8.3, 95% CI: 1.1-62.3, p = 0.011) and vaginal discharge or itching (PR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.8, p = 0.013). Smoking (PR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4, p = 0.008), having two lifetime partners (PR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1, p = 0.006), three lifetime partners (PR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.2, p = 0.007) and new sexual partners past three-month (PR: 1.8, 1.2-2.7, p = 0.005) were the associated factors of BV.

Conclusion: The bacterial vaginosis increased the risk of STIs and coinfection among AGYW. The presence and high amount of Lactobacillus species were associated with decreased risk of STIs. These findings indicate the urgent need to enhance BV and STI prevention, detection and management among AGYW.

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细菌性阴道病与南非少女和年轻妇女的性传播感染率高有关。

目的：细菌性阴道病（BV）与性传播感染（sti）有关，在撒哈拉以南非洲妇女中非常普遍。本研究调查了南非东开普省青春期少女和年轻妇女（AGYW）细菌性阴道病（BV）的患病率及其对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）、沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌、阴道沙眼单胞菌、生殖道支原体和单纯疱疹病毒1/2 （HSV1/2）患病率的影响及相关因素。方法：从东开普省的HPV教育干预研究中回顾性招募了212名参与者。本研究使用了BV、HPV、沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌、阴道t型体、生殖支原体和HSV1/2的二次数据和问卷调查。使用GraphPad Prism版本8评估sti、BV和其他因素之间的相关性。结果：83.0%（176/212）的AGYW感染≥1种STI(s), 44.3%（94/212）感染BV。bv阴性患者发生3-4次性传播感染的患病率明显低于bv阳性患者（患病率比（PR）： 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08-0.57, p = 0.001）。与bv阴性且乳酸菌种类较多的AGYW相比，bv阳性的AGYW更容易感染沙眼衣原体（PR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0 ~ 3.2, p = 0.028）；阴道T.阴道炎（PR: 8.3, 95% CI: 1.1-62.3, p = 0.011）和阴道分泌物或瘙痒（PR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.8, p = 0.013）。吸烟（PR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4, p = 0.008）、有两个终身伴侣（PR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1, p = 0.006）、有三个终身伴侣（PR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.2, p = 0.007）和三个月内有新的性伴侣（PR: 1.8, 1.2-2.7, p = 0.005）是BV的相关因素。结论：细菌性阴道病增加了女性性传播感染和合并感染的风险。乳酸菌种类的存在和高数量与性传播感染的风险降低有关。这些结果表明，迫切需要加强老年妇女的细菌性传播感染和性传播感染的预防、检测和管理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

1.30%

发文量

224

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Infection is a journal dedicated to serving as a global forum for the presentation and discussion of clinically relevant information on infectious diseases. Its primary goal is to engage readers and contributors from various regions around the world in the exchange of knowledge about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases, both in outpatient and inpatient settings. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including: Etiology: The study of the causes of infectious diseases. Pathogenesis: The process by which an infectious agent causes disease. Diagnosis: The methods and techniques used to identify infectious diseases. Treatment: The medical interventions and strategies employed to treat infectious diseases. Public Health: Issues of local, regional, or international significance related to infectious diseases, including prevention, control, and management strategies. Hospital Epidemiology: The study of the spread of infectious diseases within healthcare settings and the measures to prevent nosocomial infections. In addition to these, Infection also includes a specialized "Images" section, which focuses on high-quality visual content, such as images, photographs, and microscopic slides, accompanied by brief abstracts. This section is designed to highlight the clinical and diagnostic value of visual aids in the field of infectious diseases, as many conditions present with characteristic clinical signs that can be diagnosed through inspection, and imaging and microscopy are crucial for accurate diagnosis. The journal's comprehensive approach ensures that it remains a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of infectious diseases.