{"title":"The monetary value of freshwater conservation.","authors":"Ukrit Jaroenkietkajorn, Shabbir H Gheewala","doi":"10.1007/s00267-025-02285-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fertility of forest cover plays a crucial role in enhancing precipitation and freshwater availability, thereby significantly influencing ecosystem services. With global attention increasingly focused on ecosystem conservation, this article aims to estimate the monetary value of freshwater availability provided by forests, a vital component of provisioning services. The production function approach was used including the replacement cost method and market price method. The values obtained by the replacement cost method ranged from 59 to 129 US dollar per hectare per annum, which is lower than the market price method (191-424 US dollar per hectare per annum). The market price method, which requires less data and has been more commonly used in the literature, tends to overestimate the value of freshwater conservation due to the inclusion water treatment cost and value added tax which may not be relevant. The replacement cost method, which focuses directly on the forest ecosystem service, helps achieve a more accurate valuation of freshwater conservation efforts associated with forest preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":543,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Management","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-025-02285-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The fertility of forest cover plays a crucial role in enhancing precipitation and freshwater availability, thereby significantly influencing ecosystem services. With global attention increasingly focused on ecosystem conservation, this article aims to estimate the monetary value of freshwater availability provided by forests, a vital component of provisioning services. The production function approach was used including the replacement cost method and market price method. The values obtained by the replacement cost method ranged from 59 to 129 US dollar per hectare per annum, which is lower than the market price method (191-424 US dollar per hectare per annum). The market price method, which requires less data and has been more commonly used in the literature, tends to overestimate the value of freshwater conservation due to the inclusion water treatment cost and value added tax which may not be relevant. The replacement cost method, which focuses directly on the forest ecosystem service, helps achieve a more accurate valuation of freshwater conservation efforts associated with forest preservation.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Management offers research and opinions on use and conservation of natural resources, protection of habitats and control of hazards, spanning the field of environmental management without regard to traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal aims to improve communication, making ideas and results from any field available to practitioners from other backgrounds. Contributions are drawn from biology, botany, chemistry, climatology, ecology, ecological economics, environmental engineering, fisheries, environmental law, forest sciences, geosciences, information science, public affairs, public health, toxicology, zoology and more.
As the principal user of nature, humanity is responsible for ensuring that its environmental impacts are benign rather than catastrophic. Environmental Management presents the work of academic researchers and professionals outside universities, including those in business, government, research establishments, and public interest groups, presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches.
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