Prevalence of AAS-Positive Samples at Drug Abuse Laboratory Sweden Between 2014 and 2023 and Sub-Study of Dual Use of AAS and Narcotics.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Drug Testing and Analysis Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1002/dta.3955

Kim Petterson Bohlin, Tomas Villén, Oscar Hopcraft, Anton Pohanka, Lena Ekström

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is of interest to investigate trends in AAS usage profile. Here we aimed to retrospectively study the prevalence of AAS-positive samples based on 21,172 consecutive analyses from routine AAS testing 2014-2023. Moreover, 310 urine samples from 2022 to 2023 were reanalyzed for a broader AAS panel as well as for the presence of narcotics. Between 2014 and 2023, the frequency of reported AAS-positive samples varied between 6% and 11%, with no trend discerned. The prevalence of samples containing several AAS also shows a similar distribution. The most common AAS detected were consistently testosterone, nandrolone, and drostanolone. Of the 310 urine samples reanalyzed, 80 male and 6 female samples were positive for AAS. Thirteen of the samples showed T/E 4-10, indicative of testosterone use, with no other AAS. Consequently, 4% of the samples might have been reported as false negatives. Of the AAS-positive samples, amphetamine was found in 10% and 0% of the male and female samples, respectively. Cannabis was more often detected in AAS-positive female samples (50%) than in male samples (25%), whereas cocaine was more commonly detected in male than in female samples (33 versus 17%). The prevalence of cannabis and amphetamine was like previous AAS studies conducted in Sweden, whereas the presence of cocaine in male samples was substantially higher. Co-use of AAS and narcotics is a well-known problem and highlights the importance of preventive actions and education/awareness of AAS.

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2014 - 2023年瑞典药物滥用实验室AAS阳性样本患病率及AAS与麻醉品双重使用亚研究

研究AAS使用概况的趋势是很有趣的。在此，我们旨在回顾性研究2014-2023年21172例AAS常规检测连续分析中AAS阳性样本的患病率。此外，对2022年至2023年的310份尿液样本进行了重新分析，以进行更广泛的原子吸收光谱分析以及是否存在麻醉品。2014年至2023年间，报告的aas阳性样本的频率在6%至11%之间变化，没有发现趋势。含有几种原子吸收剂的样品的流行率也显示出类似的分布。最常见的AAS检测一致是睾酮、诺龙和屈stanolone。重新分析的310份尿样中，80份男性尿样和6份女性尿样为AAS阳性。13个样本显示T/E 4-10，表明使用睾酮，没有其他AAS。因此，4%的样本可能被报告为假阴性。在aas阳性样本中，男性和女性样本的安非他明含量分别为10%和0%。在aas阳性的女性样本中检测到大麻的频率（50%）高于男性样本（25%），而在男性样本中检测到可卡因的频率高于女性样本（33%对17%）。大麻和安非他明的流行程度与以前在瑞典进行的原子吸收法研究一样，而男性样本中可卡因的含量要高得多。原子吸收剂与麻醉品的共同使用是一个众所周知的问题，这突出了预防行动和对原子吸收剂的教育/认识的重要性。

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来源期刊

Drug Testing and Analysis BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS-CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

24.10%

发文量

191

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： As the incidence of drugs escalates in 21st century living, their detection and analysis have become increasingly important. Sport, the workplace, crime investigation, homeland security, the pharmaceutical industry and the environment are just some of the high profile arenas in which analytical testing has provided an important investigative tool for uncovering the presence of extraneous substances. In addition to the usual publishing fare of primary research articles, case reports and letters, Drug Testing and Analysis offers a unique combination of; ‘How to’ material such as ‘Tutorials’ and ‘Reviews’, Speculative pieces (‘Commentaries’ and ‘Perspectives'', providing a broader scientific and social context to the aspects of analytical testing), ‘Annual banned substance reviews’ (delivering a critical evaluation of the methods used in the characterization of established and newly outlawed compounds). Rather than focus on the application of a single technique, Drug Testing and Analysis employs a unique multidisciplinary approach to the field of controversial compound determination. Papers discussing chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunological approaches, 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, to name just a few select methods, are welcomed where their application is related to any of the six key topics listed below.